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6. Action track #5 build resilience to vulnerabilities, shocks and stress Suggestions: • Teaching the population to practice farming, raising the culture of farming practice among the general population. • The motivation of the general population to engage in agriculture (farming) will allow households to be self-sufficient in some agricultural products. • Digitalization of food markets. • Diversification of types of crops. • Improvement of agricultural logistics. • The universal use of food products. • Use of international experience in the production of agricultural products (t... Lire la suiteransition to more financially efficient production through the use of innovative technologies. • Creation of greenhouses with the help of state support. • Subsidies in agriculture. • Processing of products. • Decent salaries. The problem of the departure of specialists, for example, agronomists and farmers, to Kazakhstan, where wages are higher than in Uzbekistan. • Creation of a state programme for internship for specialists, people in business, farmers abroad. • Increase dietary diversity. Cooking, for example, bread made from other foods (corn flour). Production of prepared food (semi-finished products). • Development of resource-saving technologies. Solar energy. Lire moins

• Lack of blueprint Although many wish lists were put forward, there was no clear implementation plan on how to take a balanced approach to an incompatible but inter-linked agenda with limited resources. It is also unclear how to secure the financial resources to achieve sustainable food systems. • Creation of an Agromarketing department Currently, agro marketing is not developed in Uzbekistan, and a lack of up-to-date information on prices and market conditions forces producers to sell their products to intermediaries at a significantly lower price. Cognizant that Dehkan farms account for... Lire la suite 70 % of total agricultural output, it is necessary to pursue an agro-marketing policy throughout the country and create a single database on the demand and supply of agricultural products in markets across the whole region, with current prices, providing timely information to farmers and dehkans. A proposal was made to create an Agromarketing department within the structure of the Ministry of Agriculture. • Lack of reliable databases and statistics It is necessary to provide statistical clarity. Figures from official statistics do not correspond to reality, which hinders the adoption of appropriate decisions on the provision of food. Food price statistics should be based on market prices. For example, although 70 % of the total volume of agricultural products and 90 % of livestock products in the country are produced by dehkan farms, they are only allocated 14 % of the total land. Agriculture production would increase if we applied a scientific approach. Therefore, it is necessary to introduce a transparent statistical system that identifies the activities of private household plots. • Review and diversification of crops in Karakalpakstan Cotton production currently consists of 40% of the total production in Karakalpakstan. Although the total cost of growing 1 hectare of cotton is 12 million soums, the profit generated was only 9 million soums per hectare, as 1 ton of cotton cost 4.5 million soums last year. Therefore, it is necessary to reconsider the distribution of crop types in Karakalpakstan, considering local conditions. • Introduction of modern machinery and equitable distribution mechanism Many people emphasized that new machinery and equipment, such as cultivators, need to be imported urgently to improve agricultural productivity and accelerate the sustainable food system. However, before providing machinery to farmers, it is essential to consider an adequate distribution mechanism to respond to the diverse needs of farmers. For example, it is not always economically rational or viable for small farmers to install expensive machinery. In this case, small farmers need come together to share one machine, or one farmer takes the machine and leases it to others. It is crucial to consider the best implementation procedure beforehand. • Technology and environmental issue The introduction of laser equalizer equipment will contribute to optimizing water usage and improving efficiency. However, laser equalizers require a considerable amount of diesel fuel, to which farmers have no access. Before we push ahead with the introduction of advanced technologies to improve efficiency, we should carefully consider the environmental impact of such technologies. We need to think about how we can improve productivity and reduce environmental impact at the same time. • Feasibility of scaling up green resource use approach Nobody denies the importance of developing resource-saving technology and reliable data and statistics, particularly laboratory analysis and mapping of the soil and water quality at the district-farm level which might help farmers grow the right crop in the right place. However, it is doubtful whether we have a sufficient number of mandated organizations to render such services. Although farmers can use a few affordable tools and approaches, nothing takes place on a broader scale. A detailed scale-up plan should be put in place to stimulate and transform land users to apply 'green' approaches to resource use. • Issue of law enforcement and inclusivity We need to ensure the implementation and enforcement of the law, as the legal solutions already provided have not reached the lower levels of the population. All the issues pointed out are also already identified and well-regulated in the Government. Therefore, we must consider and put our effort into ensuring that the law is effective for everyone, leaving no one behind. Lire moins

1.Action track #1 Ensure access to safe and nutritious food for all •A big challenge is rooted in Uzbekistan's food culture and eating habits. In most Central Asian Countries, people tend to eat more meat and fewer vegetables than the average daily requirement. •Excessive use of palm oil also causes problems. Although cheap and widely used in every day products, certain ingredients in palm oil can increase cancer risk, making banning it advisable. •Central Asia's heavy karachay (black tea with milk) drinking culture needs to be reconsidered, as it causes many health problems, such as ana... Lire la suiteemia. Improper diet leads to type 2 diabetes. In 2018, 62% of all diseases identified in Uzbekistan were cardiovascular (caused by high blood pressure and malnutrition). Black tea affects the metabolism, increases blood pressure and leads to poor absorption of nutrients. Thus, it is crucial to explain the side-effects of drinking black tea to vulnerable populations. •Advocacy campaigns should be strengthened so that eating habits rooted in the food culture give way to nutritious, balanced meals. •However, in Karakalpakstan, the average family supplements a shortage of expensive calories by eating more carbohydrates. It is essential to work with local people to ensure access to safe and nutritious food in Karakalpakstan. •From a farming perspective, three main challenges were identified. Firstly, lack of water, particularly irrigation water. Farmers suggested drilling wells as a solution. Secondly, a lack of refrigerators/refrigeration facilities in which to store bulky crops. Without high-quality refrigeration facilities, it is hard to maintain the freshness of newly harvested products. Lastly, chemical fertilizer is used excessively. Although organic fertilizers are safer/environmentally friendly, the use of chemical fertilizers is increasing. This leads to loss of land fertility. 2.Action track #2 Shift to sustainable consumption patterns •An unsustainable food consumption system in Karakalpakstan represents a major challenge. Due to the environmental crisis in the Aral Sea region, the Republic of Karakalpakstan has struggled to provide a stable food supply to the population and relies on other regions. Furthermore, a lack of up-to-date information on prices and market conditions has allowed layers of intermediaries to set unfair prices, and unjust price hikes. •The Government should develop an equitable mechanism to balance food prices and support and monitor the supply chain to prevent significant price rises and ensure sustainability. Social and financial support to low-income groups is also necessary. •In order to improve local production capacity and create a sustainable value chain, incentives for local farmers/producers should be provided, and resources, such as land, water, fertilizers, machinery should be provided at affordable prices. 3.Action track #3 Boost nature- positive Production •There is a negative impact on eco-systems and poor implementation of environmental protection laws. Environmental law should be re-enforced and streamlined, including introducing compensation mechanisms which impose fines on enterprises which cause negative environmental impact. •It is also important to develop an overall concept and strategy for sustainable food systems, indicating clear goals, criteria, and indicators. Identifying and setting a clear safety threshold for the eco-system is necessary. •In order to restore the damaged eco-system, the planting of species such as Thuja tree and Oak, which can survive in harsh environments and inhibit the spread of tuberculosis bacilli, should be urgently increased. Planting species with low-water demands, such as legumes, oilseeds, sesame and sunflower is also highly recommended. •Considering the constant water shortages in Karakalpakstan, instead of water-thirsty cotton, it is essential to diversify food crops to mitigate risk. 4.Action track #4 Advance equitable livelihoods •Alongside the unjustifiably high cost of resources (i.e., diesel fuel, fertilizers, seeds, chemicals, machinery) there is low productivity, water scarcity, and a lack of qualified agronomists. •Since many companies are state-owned, high resource prices and low productivity are the most pressing issues. One suggestion is to remove VAT tax from agriculture, preventing monopoly and increasing market competitiveness. Moreover, subsidies for fertilizers, lease of agricultural equipment and machinery and preferential loans are recommended, particularly for small/medium-sized farmers. •Introducing laser equalizer equipment (special machinery that equalizes the water line for irrigation) would be useful. •To attract more agronomists, it is necessary to offer incentives, such as a decent salary, capacity building training, and new technological equipment. 5.Action track #5 Build resilience to vulnerabilities, shocks and stress •The pandemic has exposed the vulnerability of the food system, as certain essential foods have become difficult to obtain. However, some rural districts have been able to secure these. Teaching farming practices to the population could help households be self-sufficient in some agricultural products. •To shift to a more financially efficient production process and improve agricultural logistics, learning from international agricultural production experience and leveraging innovative technology is essential. •It is also important not to rely on external sources, but to use existing capacity to increase the efficiency of food production, including the improvement of ready foods. Lire moins

1. National Food Security System The dialogue convener underlined three major urgent issues: • The urgent reduction of greenhouse gas emissions from agricultural waste. • Further improvement of the hunger level. • Law and institutional systems must be streamlined to integrate international standards and strengthen import policy. The Government set the following indicators and action points to address food system challenges. 1) Food Security: Increase the productivity of the average crop of cereal grains by 17 %; increase total crop areas containing fodder crops by 1.1 %; improve the aver... Lire la suiteage milk yield. 2) Favourable Agribusiness Environment: increase the share of exports from agricultural enterprises by 14 %; improve village farming and strengthen the "Made in Uzbekistan" brand; improve Uzbekistan's ranking (117) in 2018 in the World Bank's Logistic Performance Index (LPI); increase the share of processed products by 21.1%; increase workers in the food industry by 3 %. 3) Reduction of State Intervention and Promotion of Investment: improve the ranking of 77 out of 101 countries in the World Bank EVA index; increase capital investment (2021 exceeded the target for the year). 4) Improve natural resources usage: increase farmland by 1.0 million hectares; increase farmland water-saving technologies by 2.3%; reduce the percentage of saline soils; increase forest areas to 3.4 million hectares; increase angiosperm land area by 39%. 5) Modernize public administration systems: proceed with ongoing agricultural reforms and strengthen accountability as per new Presidential Decrees; revise the structure of state enterprises; privatize public enterprises and accelerate the legal process. 6) Diversify government spending: increase agriculture research costs by 0.0015%; increase loans to $ 900 million; strengthen medium-term budgeting. 7) Develop agricultural sciences, education, information and counselling services: raise the number of graduates who engage in agribusiness by 24 %; increase farmers' access to advice and services by 5%; increase the number of farmers who are satisfied with knowledge dissemination services and information counselling centres by 5%. 8) Development of Rural areas: increase the number of manufactures (micro-firms) in rural areas by 57.8%; increase the number of women producers in rural areas by 8 %; increase youth involvement in product development in rural areas by 8%. 9) Development of a transparent system of statistics: improve the national statistics system, including agriculture food statistics. The Government of Uzbekistan will implement the following actions by the end of 2021. • Introduce a supply market mechanism for plant protection and mineral fertilizer by April 2021. • Initiate a food safety and national consumption programme by September 2021. • Create transparent mechanisms for the lease of land plots by September 2021. • Conduct climate change analysis and software development by December 2021. • Initiate a digital agriculture integration platform (e-agriculture uz) by December 2021. Several issues and suggestions have been identified by online participants: • Lack of statistical data on all aspects of the country's food security systems. • The issue of harmonized language within the food security system. The need to strengthen and harmonize diverse food security terminologies to reach a wide range of people, particularly in Uzbek and Karakalpak languages. • Lack of knowledge sharing. International organizations and development agencies must learn from each other’s experiences, accelerate knowledge exchange, and create synergy to strengthen partnerships. • Policy recommendations are presented in the Report of Westminster University on "Urban Food Security and the Covid-19 Crisis; the case of Uzbekistan Cities" (P.9-24: Russian / English). This report identifies five policy options to ensure a robust and resilient urban food system: improved management of strategic food reserves; promotion of urban farming; sustainable urban social safety nets; open food trade; and continued liberalization of wheat production and market. Lire moins

The Dialogue began with a brief overview of the Agriculture Development Strategy of Uzbekistan for 2020-2030, sharing nine priority areas identified by the Government; 1) Food security for the population, 2) Natural resource use for environmental protection, 3) Development of agricultural sciences, education, information and counselling services, 4) Convenient agribusiness to improve value chains, 5) Modernizing the Public administration systems, 6) Development of Rural Areas, 7) Reducing State intervention and increasing investment, 8) Diversifying government spending, and 9) Development of a... Lire la suite transparent system of statistics. Introducing indicators to monitor progress is a highlight of the new strategy. In the thematic discussion session, participants were divided into five Action Track groups ; 1) Ensure access to safe and nutritious food for all; 2) Shift to sustainable consumption patterns; 3) Boost nature-positive production; 4) Advance equitable livelihoods; 5) Build resilience to vulnerabilities, shocks and stress. Groups explored options for collective action to contribute via national pathways towards sustainable food systems. The first action track (Ensure access to safe and nutritious food for all) focused on challenges rooted in Uzbekistan's food culture and eating habits, including a preference for excessive consumption of meat, oil, and tea. Structural issues for farmers were also identified; lack of access to water resources and irrigation facilities, lack of refrigeration facilities for long-term storage of harvested products, and chemical fertilizer usage. The second action track (Shift to sustainable consumption patterns) focused attention on the unsustainable consumption model in Karakalpakstan. Due to limited food production capacity and high dependency on other regions, average food prices are higher, and profits mostly concentrate on intermediate agents. The group offered a wide variety of suggestions related to consumption patterns, covering food waste management, qualitative hygiene control, financial and social support for vulnerable groups, and equitable water resource distribution. The third action track (Boost nature-positive production) emphasized the importance of legislation and/or legal frameworks to protect biodiversity and eco-systems, such as compensation mechanisms. The group suggested developing a comprehensive sustainable food system strategy with clear criteria and indicators to identify risk factors and safety thresholds and to monitor progress. The importance of selecting plants that can withstand harsh natural environments was also discussed. The fourth action track (Advance equitable livelihoods) addressed structural issues—expensive resources and low productivity in the agricultural sector due to long dominance of state-owned enterprises. Ways to introduce modern technology and agricultural machinery were explored, ensuring inclusivity and environmental-friendliness within limited resources. The fifth action track (Build resilience to vulnerabilities, shocks and stress) focused on the balanced-approach to imports and domestic food production capacity in order to build a sustainable national food system. Ensuring inclusivity and equity through digitalization and modern agricultural equipment was discussed. Lire moins

WFP and the Department of Nutrition Improvement of Ministry of Planning, National Sub-Committee for Food Fortification (NSCFF) of the National Council for Nutrition (NCN) jointly conducted the in-depth explorations on food fortification. Given the broad range of line ministries (and technical departments) involved with food fortification in Cambodia, as well as SMEs, food producers, and development partners (many of which operate at different levels/scales), it was decided to conduct two separate, complementary events - one more focused on policy/regulatory environment, and the other on operat... Lire la suiteional aspects. This dialogue was focused on the Operational Environment for Food Fortification. Food fortification is employed both for the purposes of social assistance, to promote better nutrition for vulnerable groups and for profit, through fortification of commercially viable products. The operational environment relevant to each of these applications of food fortification is a very important consideration for success. WFP and various development partners wish to give technical support and the IFC are keen to provide both technical and financial assistance to commercially viable applications for food fortification for commercially viable products. There have been disruptions to food production, processing and transport of food during COVID-19 and these disruptions have highlighted the importance of an effective operating environment to support successful fortification efforts. In order to prevent all forms of malnutrition in Cambodia, the private sector can play a crucial role at every step from farm to fork by increasing the production of nutritious, diverse, safe and affordable products that are widely available. Fortified products can have an important role in this, including iodised salt and Vitamin B fortified food products. The reasons why food fortification is needed are clear. However, the reasons why fortification is not successful, whether for purposes of social assistance or as commercially viable products are not so clear. Factor contributing to success in Cambodia have included the established legal framework and the national standards for some products; micro-nutrient dense foods have been produced; and there is huge potential for rice fortification to put back what is taken out in the milling process. The challenges faced relate to the low volumes of fortified products traded; high costs of production; no locally available pre-mix; the huge number of millers involved in rice processing; lack of a legal framework for rice fortification; lack of product standards and lack of fortified rice kernels in Cambodia. Lire moins

The dialogue identified key challenges and solutions related to food fortification operation. Private sector engagement, technical supports, premix availability, new technology, strong regulation & enforcement, and commercialization of food fortification came out strongly from the dialogue. The development of unified roadmap for food fortification is recommended as priority. The result of this dialogues is a good input for the development of the roadmap. A STATEGY FOR MOVING FORWARD We need a food fortification policy and we need this before trying to deal with all the many technical issue... Lire la suites. The Ministry of Planning (MoP) should seek assistance from the Development Partners in developing this policy. We need to strengthen the existing mechanisms for the MoP to move forward. A small task force is required in order to support the MoP in moving on. The task force should engage with the Ministry of Economy and Finance (MEF) and seek support from the DPM to request the MEF to support the food fortification efforts. We need to use an economic argument such as the claim presented by WFP that investment of $1 in food fortification can yield $27 return through increased productivity and reduced health care costs. The constraints faced relate to the high costs of production for a small country where imported products from neighbouring countries can do well. Understanding of markets and consumer trust is critical. Building that trust and the awareness of consumers is perhaps the main challenge we face. There are locally available raw materials and we need to work with the private sector to encourage good faith, safety and quality and to protect those qualities. Those who don’t follow the standards and merely seek quick money are no help. These actors will make no contribution to research or to gain the trust of consumers. The policy on food fortification should centre on the need to create trust amongst consumers and on the primacy of the market as a driving force for development of food fortification. The government can assist with laws and regulations, import standards, research support and via institutional procurement. Lire moins

TOPIC 1. Production The main constraints are associated with the costs of raw materials, access to technology, markets, the importation of pre-mix, and the creation of production chains. The fortification process is subject to interference from multiple authorities and any reports cause bad publicity and public reaction. Sometimes fortified products have altered taste or other qualities and this makes consumers hesitant. SMEs generally lack the technology and a lack of demand for fortified products when competing with unfortified products. The challenges also include incomplete or uneven law e... Lire la suitenforcement, and the lack of engagement of the relevant stakeholders. Imported fortified products are cheaper than local fortified products. Local production is not competitive without support from government and enforcement of standards for both local and imported products. It would help producers if the government provided the supply of pre-mix, especially if this could be arranged tax-free. Technical support is also required for SMEs who cannot afford to invest in research and expertise. Government could provide incentives for producers of safe and quality fortified products. They might be given tax incentives to encourage this effort. Lire moins

TOPIC 2. Market We tend to talk too much about production challenges and need for producer support. There is too little work on how to stimulate consumer demand. Lack of knowledge of consumers, lack of trust, imported products often cheaper. Cambodian consumers often don’t care about or know about the importance of vitamins and minerals to support their health. Even with a very small price difference, consumers mostly just want the cheapest product, regardless of claimed nutritional values. If taste or small changes due to fortification this discourages the buyers. Coordination between autho... Lire la suiterities and the private sector needs to be improved. Imported fortified products should be regulated but restrictions on import of raw materials should be eased. Standards need to be well understood and tested and regulations need to be enforced. If some producers are required to fortify their product, they should not have to compete with unfortified product. There should be contributions from both the producers and the government. Government can help to ensure no cheap un-fortified products are allowed to compete. Lire moins

TOPIC 3. Rice Fortification The main challenge is to ensure fortified rice products are commercially viable. It helps if the government and DPs include fortified products in social assistance programmes, especially if quality standards are maintained. Commercialize rice and other food fortification through private sector. Integrating rice and food fortification into Social assistant programme where it can be reached to vulnerable people. Strengthen food fortification policy and regulation environment.

TOPIC 4. Development Partners Recommendation There are three main areas for improvement of food fortification in Cambodia. Increased investment in research and innovation, especially with use of locally produced foods; the universities are interested by the environment is challenging in terms of lack of funding, facilities, human resources and curriculum. The private sector and especially SMEs lack knowledge about quality and safety issues, access to technology and seldom link to academia. This suggests potential for public private partnerships. Creating consumer demand is difficult because of... Lire la suite lack of awareness of benefits, lack of trust and lack of investment in marketing. Many challenges to face, including lack of raw materials. The delay in getting imported products cleared and the ordering time, even with the support of the Ministry of Health. Also, the attitudes of consumers, who usually attach value to that which they can see. Fortification is invisible to them and benefits unknown and often products not trusted. As far as most Cambodians are concerned, beneficial products should be provided free. Research is lacking on consumer acceptance and we need to cultivate consumer trust. Fortified foods are classified as a medicine here in Cambodia. That can complicate manufacture and sale of fortified products. There is a lack of research and engagement of the universities in this area. Generally, the SMES who could produce these products are looking for subsidies. There is potential for scaling up if we can establish trust amongst consumers, starting with those who are more aware and health conscious and who are more willing to pay for healthy food. Public Private Partnerships might offer a viable route for scaling up. Nutrition labelling and consumer education can also lead to changed demand, especially if truth in Labeling law is upheld. There are examples of products which have been successful in other Asian and in African countries. For Cambodia, it is important to use local foods which are nutrient dense and these can be used as bio-fortificants when preparing dishes. Examples from Sri Lanka showed that the fortification successes come from following local tastes and the demand of different age groups, using local products and providing support for local farmers as an added product quality. Food fortification is a rich area for research and development and innovation. Other countries, some in Africa, have demonstrated the value of increasing investment in research and development to support fortification efforts and commercial success. Lire moins

The tension between the wish to restrict imports (of fortified products) and to ease import requirements for importation of pre-mix and other raw materials reflects the wider challenges for a country like Cambodia. The borders are difficult to police, the number of authorities involved in importation, manufacture and sale and the challenges of meeting all requirements mean that it is difficult for the private sector to be competitive. There is also a divergence between commercially viable fortified products and the provision of fortified products as a form of social assistance, where it is exp... Lire la suiteected that government or development partners should pay the costs of fortification and not the consumers themselves. Lire moins

i) Issues to be addressed to secutitize foos systems and security ii) Resilience factors of food systems from social, environmet and economic aspects. iii) Recommendations to ensure food systems functional holistically and comprehensively. iv) The most affected value chain in the event of conflict.

Food Systems can be achieved through social, environmental, and economic resilience by: (I) Food safety & quality inspection (II) Sustainable Agriculture (III) Guaranteed and continuous food supply (IV) Addressing inequalities in the food systems (V) R&D&C&I

N/A

The major focal points of the “Local implications of global challenges” Dialogue in its third meeting were: 1. Israel strength and uniqueness 2. Applicable steps to achieve 2030’s goals 3. Human resources 4. Technology & knowledge gaps 5. Regulation Israel is located in one of the world's hotspots for climate change, the region is heavily populated and heavily dependent on locally grown and watered food. The strength and uniqueness involve first of all the human resources and the geo-political situation. Human resources include high-level motivated food producers which will step-up f... Lire la suiteor a reliable long-term mission concurrently with high technology capabilities and experience. The unique geo-political situation turns Israel into a “agricultural laboratory” affected by its borders, ecological niches, water resources and local crops and invasive threats. Modern food sectors are interdependent. We must develop long-term planning programs and regulations to ensure sustainable food systems which encourage local food production and consumption, improved water usage and increasing landscape lands both for agriculture, nature and cultural needs. Lire moins

The participants in our 7-tables Dialogue suggested several applicable ideas and steps to reach the goals of sustainable-food systems in the year 2030. Four main subjects rose up in all the tables – Regulation, Planning, Education and Budget. Some of the specific ideas are listed below: The “Climate changes” table: • Promoting regional collaborations to reduce conflicts regarding water and food and to optimize local production capabilities • Addressing the significance of regional food security in a changing climate • Implementing measures to adapt the food production system to a h... Lire la suiteotter and dryer climate • Promoting the Mediterranean Diet as a Climate Friendly food pattern • Promoting innovation to reduce dependency on water within food production • Carrying out risk assessments of the consequences of climate change on the various branches of agriculture • Multi-year analysis and monitoring of greenhouse gas emissions directly and indirectly related to food systems • Creating a plan to promote the food-tech industry • Education and information - to increase public awareness of consumption with low environmental impact and prevent food waste • Carbon-tax on imported food products • Planning of agricultural areas for rainwater collection / protection against floods in urban areas • Reduce food waste – dynamic pricing, education. • Conservation of social resources - continued development of knowledge of farmers and training bodies and applied research and encouraging farmers to remain in their agriculture branch, creating certainty for the agriculture industry. • Creating new agricultural roles to the urban and industrial areas. The “Biodiversity” table: • Statutory protection of agricultural land • Preservation of agricultural areas as an ecological corridors and / or even conversion of areas • Classification of agricultural land according to indicators that supports biodiversity for each sector - definitions that every farmer can easily measure and improve • Preservation of Israel's genetic sources under law and regulations, while defining a budget on its side. • Encouraging crops that support biodiversity. • Incentives for environmental conservation agriculture. • Incentives for young farmers / encourage next generation • Education - environmental and agricultural education at school. The “Water resources” table: • Creating environmental regulation and standards. • Separation between natural water management and artificial water-systems management, including desalination, sewage, effluent. • Synchronize master-plans and regulations for the water economy and agriculture in the short and the long-term. • Increasing water sources for the purpose of increasing agricultural production and optimal planning of crops in order to create food security. The “Open lands” table: • Statutory protection of agricultural land. • Developing a national outline plan for agriculture which also defines internal classification of the lands. • Creating multi-purposes lands uses– agritourism, agrisolar. • Developing unique agricultural niches / specialization. • Adopting high quality and safety food standards which include the entire food chain. • Keeping equality concerning demands for local and imported food products. The “Waste” table: • Establishment of a “Waste treatment authority” • Creating “basins of waste model” according to several parameters (distance, transport time, type of waste etc.). • Distinction between the cost of waste treatment and the responsibility for the treatment of agricultural waste - the farmer must be responsible for the treatment The “Invasive species” table: • Creating established protocols and contingency plans for major pests. • Support and expand risk-assessment teams. • Develop mobile and rapid techniques to identify new species invasion which can be easily used in the field. • Prioritization of lesions according to agricultural crops essential for food security The “Marine Resources” table: • Develop additional sources of food from a marine resource - reproductive farms, intensive terrestrial cultivation, consumption of invasive species. • Increasing demand for low trophic level species. • Maintaining sustainable fishing and prohibit environmentally destructive methods. • Monitoring the loot by combining data from surveys and fisherman reports. • Develop protocols for prevention and monitoring pollution from aquaculture. Lire moins

1. Prioritizing water for nature above irrigation needs of agriculture produce intended for export 2. Limiting import of meat products 3. Developing strictures for meat products and consumption 4. The contribution of biodiversity to agriculture, some narrow its contribution only to pollination 5. Subsidized farmers for ecological actions

El Diálogo Nacional no. 1 se enfocó en el Action track 2, con el fin de llevar a nuestros sistemas alimentarios hacia patrones de producción y consumo más sostenibles al tiempo que se exploraba lo que se requiere para alcanzarlo. En este sentido, la discusión incluyó aspectos clave de la Agenda Nacional relacionada a sistemas alimentarios, como fue la inclusión de mujeres y jóvenes, las buenas prácticas, la trazabilidad, el comercio justo y los mercados locales. Se determinó distribuir además a los participantes en mesas de trabajo (cada una con 3 subgrupos simultáneos al menos) de... Lire la suitedicadas a analizar la situación actual así como los retos y necesidades para lograr una producción y consumo más sostenible, desde la perspectiva de: a)Cadenas de suministro b)Entornos alimentarios c)Consumidor Lo anterior se definió amparados en la visión de la FAO, respecto a las dimensiones que integran un sistema alimentario, permitiendo así una discusión que contemplara a todos los actores, actividades, dinámica e interrelaciones de dicho sistema. Lire moins

CADENAS DE SUMINISTRO Se ha detectado un aumento de sistemas de producción orgánica o alternativa, lo que resulta en que ciertos actores productivos estén valorando distintas formas de producción y menor uso de agroquímicos. Se ha empezado a adoptar por parte de algunos sectores, conceptos de economía circular y asociatividad. Al avanzar en la cadena de suministro, se identificó el esfuerzo e interés por mantener buenas prácticas en las fases de procesamiento y esfuerzos para potenciar alimentos más saludables, así como canales de comercialización que acercan a productores y consum... Lire la suiteidores. ENTORNOS ALIMENTARIOS Existencia de programas nacionales de compra-distribución de alimentos que involucran aspectos de nutrición y salud, así como los proyectos que promueven acciones para reducir emisiones de GEI y mejorar la eficiencia de los sistemas de producción. En su conjunto esto ha promovido acciones tendientes al acceso a alimentos a personas en cierto grado de vulnerabilidad, promover valor agregado y estándares de calidad, reducción del uso de agroquímicos, diversificación de sistemas productivos más resilientes al cambio climático y uso de tecnologías de menor impacto ambiental. Asociatividad, cooperativismo, uso de conceptos de soberanía alimentaria y la promoción de denominaciones de origen y marcas también han motivado la producción sostenible de alimentos. Igualmente, si bien se destaca la trayectoria constante de respeto a derechos humanos, se considera que la institucionalidad y educación siguen siendo insuficientes en materia de sistemas agroalimentarios más sostenibles e inclusivos. CONSUMIDORES Hay coincidencia de visiones respecto a la existencia de esfuerzos e incentivos para la producción más sostenible, pero es vital poder trasladar esto también al consumidor para que pueda comprender qué implica la producción sostenible. En todo caso, al mejorar aspectos de la producción, se pone a disposición también mejores productos para el consumidor. Sin embargo, aunque se sigue requiriendo de mucho trabajo, se detectaron acciones y programas tendientes a mejorar las decisiones, información y opciones para un consumo más sostenible y saludable. Entre ellas, se han venido implementando mejoras a las Guías Alimentarias Basadas en Alimentos Sostenibles desde una acción intersectorial y se han empezado proyectos y programas para generar información y estudios que realmente valoran la variable nutricional en la toma de decisiones. Una acción positiva en concreto fue la prohibición de alimentos poco nutritivos en centros educativos hace unos años, y la existencia de Políticas relacionadas a descarbonización, producción y consumo sostenible y puntualmente sobre Seguridad Alimentaria y Nutricional. La Canasta Básica además empieza a contemplar elementos nutricionales, y otras instancias promueven el rescate de tradiciones y cultura alimentaria costarricense. Finalmente, existieron importantes acciones para garantizar acceso, disponibilidad y consumo de alimentos a raíz de la crisis del Covid-19. Retos y áreas de interés común Se encontró que en las tres dimensiones hubo coincidencia respecto a la necesidad de abordar aspectos como educación desde edades tempranas y al consumidor sobre aspectos relacionados a la producción y consumo de alimentos en toda su integralidad: prácticas sostenibles, valor del alimentos, origen, decisiones en torno a alimentación más saludable, prevención y reducción del desperdicio de alimentos, entre otras; mejor comunicación a los actores del sistema de aspectos relacionados a prácticas productivas y la implicación en la sostenibilidad de estas, clara identificación de productos nacionales vs importados, y de programas públicos y su accesibilidad por parte del sector privado; fomento de la participación de jóvenes, mujeres y grupos asociados de productores en los distintos eslabones del sistema de producción de alimentos, acompañados de programas educativos, de financiamiento flexible, y de incentivo para sus acciones, incluida la simplificación en tramitología y la coordinación interinstitucional; incremento y adecuación de la investigación, la transferencia y la extensión para propiciar innovación relativa a las necesidades y condiciones locales; incremento de la articulación interinstitucional e intersectorial para diversos temas, tanto de trámites, como de definición de políticas públicas consistentes entre sí, por ejemplo: dinamización de la producción agroalimentaria, observación de condiciones relacionadas a comercio justo, etiquetado, inversión en el sector (tecnología-infraestructura), cumplimiento de normativa ya existente, mejora del proceso de registros sanitarios e inclusión de nuevos productos para control de plagas y enfermedades, propuestas de proyectos locales partiendo de estudios de pre-factibilidad, inclusión de diversos actores, entre otros; -se requiere fortalecer alianzas público-privada para mejorar la discusión y atención a temas propios de cada sector, gremio o localidad. Lo anterior supone la prevención del supuesto de enviar “recetas” generadas en la capital a otras zonas del país o desde gobierno a sector productivo, así como la promoción de una visión amplia de sistema agroalimentario que considere productores, procesadores, comercializadores, chefs, educadores, turismo, academia, especialistas en salud, ambiente, economía, sector de la comunicación, gobiernos locales, entre otros. Lire moins