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Please see FSD Summary Report attachment.

The work tables were held with a high level of discussion and points of view on the issues raised, we did not find large areas of divergence but there was consensus in most of the conclusions. In general, the differences founded were on how to give a more social approaches to public actions and public policies to improve local food systems. How the heterogeneity of the territory and the conditions of the peasants complicate the design of actions and policies for their attention. How to address problems specifically or view the problem in a systemic way. How the food system is a reflection of t... قراءة المزيدhe existing disparities in the social system as a consequence of actions in public policies. قراءة القليل

Lack of adequate spaces in quantity and characteristics to sell local agricultural products, little political will to support markets for local products and their consumption, low prices for local products, lack of spaces that make local production visible and food dependency.

The economic objective does not meet the needs of the entire population, lack of regulation in food production, a culture of production for profit in food processing that leaves out other segments of the most vulnerable population, lack of innovation adapted to the specific local needs of the towns and regions of Mexico, increasing the consumption of ultra-processed products from global markets, problems of malnutrition (malnutrition, overweight and obesity) and food desert and outskirts populations.

Commercial agricultural production is a mainly male task and this concept is maintained despite the increasing participation of women, the contributions of women in production, food and nutrition are not properly recognized, the potential / capabilities of women to produce food, women have much less access to land ownership than men, women do not have the same time as men to engage in productive activities, women are not significantly empowered, perpetuation of machismo, exclusion of women in decision-making, loss of opportunity to improve biodiversity, nutrition and resilience to external fac... قراءة المزيدtors, and the decline in the health of people and ecosystems. قراءة القليل

Our dialogue is called "Towards the sustainability of local Food Systems and the design of public policies in Mexico" and it is attempting to analyze how we can promote each of the five proposed courses of action. For this, our dialogue aims to discuss local food systems; What are the problems? What are the causes of these problems? And what effects do they have? In order to promote actions, mechanisms and public policies in Mexico that improve local food systems for the benefit of the most vulnerable population in our country. For this, we organize our dialogue in five round tables with theme... قراءة المزيدs, which we believe are the most relevant for the local food systems in Mexico, expecting to make it healthy, inclusive, resilient, sustainable and sustainable. We are aiming to address and discuss these issues considering next topics. Education on health and nutritional food. Peasants and food producers as a fundamental link in food systems. The supply, demand and distribution of local food. Innovation processes in food production Diversity and gender perspective in food systems. قراءة القليل

Table 1: "Education on nutritious foods and health", ignorance about the comprehensive and multifactorial vision of food systems was identified as a central problem, which has three main causes: the first is crystallized information (that is, little diffused), that it does not reach all levels or contexts mainly due to problems of access, distribution, and infrastructure; the second cause is the stigmatization of food and dietary systems, caused by the bad habits from the psychological, practical and experience, and the third cause is the abandonment of farming practices or regional practices,... قراءة المزيد caused mainly by the transformation of socioeconomic systems, a decontextualized nutritional education and the abandonment and ignorance of sustainable practices such as backyard production and family production systems, such as the cornfield. The greatest effects of this main problem are the lack of accessibility to holistic knowledge, disconnection, decontextualization and eating disorders and environmental deterioration. Table 2: "Peasants and food producers as a fundamental link in food systems", a structural problem of production and consumption systems was identified (production with an economic objective leaving aside the social objective), due to three main causes: the first is the invisibility and devaluation of the role of peasants in the value, production and education chains, the second is the existence of a broken, individualized and non-collective peasant social fabric and the third is low access to financing and technological innovation. The main effects of this problem are inappropriate current public policies on local agriculture or poor small producers as well as generational and gender gap for access to land. Table 3: “The supply, demand and distribution of local food”, the lack of adequate spaces in quantity and characteristics to sell local agricultural products was identified as the main problem, this is because globalization benefits large global supply chains and it excludes local food systems, also because there is little political will, in addition to unequal quota charges to sell and a few knowledge about food systems; therefore, the main effects of this problem are two, producers waste their local products, lack of spaces that make local production visible, which ending up in of a food dependency. Table 4: "Innovation processes in food production", it was identified as the main problem that innovation in food has an economic objective, so it is not proposed as an objective to meet the needs of the entire population, this is due to the following causes: lack of regulation in the production of food, a culture of production for profit in the preparation of food that leaves out other segments of the most vulnerable population; and finally lack of innovation adapted to the specific local needs of the towns and regions of Mexico, which translate into the absence of nutritious and quality local food and the increase in the consumption of ultra-processed products from global markets, this has the effect compared with than the general population, mainly those with the most limited resources, present problems of malnutrition (malnutrition, overweight and obesity) and food deserts in colonies and outskirts populations. And finally, in table 5 "Diversity and gender perspective in food systems", it was found that the problem is that commercial agricultural production is mainly male task and this conception is maintained despite the growing participation of women, we found five main causes: the first is that the contributions of women in production, food and nutrition are not properly recognized, the second is that the potential / capability of women to produce food is not recognized, the third reason is that women have much less access to land ownership than men, the fourth reason is that women do not have the same time as men to dedicate themselves to productive activities, and the last reason is that women are not empowered in a significant way. This problem has the following effects: The perpetuation of machismo, the exclusion of women in decision-making, the loss of opportunity to improve biodiversity, nutrition and resilience faced due to external factors, and the decline in the health of people and ecosystems. قراءة القليل

Lack of knowledge about the comprehensive and multifactorial vision of food systems, the lack of accessibility to holistic knowledge, the disconnection of education about food, the decontextualization of health and nutrition, generate public health problems (overweight, obesity, hypertension, diabetes, among others ), this overconsumption of unsustainable products also generates serious environmental damage.

Lack of public policies on local agriculture or small producers, inappropriate policies to address local problems in food and nutrition and strengthening of local production, the broken, individualized and non-collective peasant social fabric and a generation gap and gender for access to land.

Discussion topic #1: Key challenges and possible game-changers for access to finance for agri-SMEs operating within food value chains: Direct tools and finance instruments should include: • Digital innovation a.o. to reduce transaction costs, filter deals, and link them to finance • Bundling finance with inputs, knowledge, marketing partnerships • Risk management – how to change the equation • Micro-loans • Smallholder financing through coops • An “Uber” for farm implements and TA • Size and cost of the investment case • Small ticket financing – ready for SMEs • Eligi... قراءة المزيدbility for incentives from governments • Nutrition-positive accelerator Other action improving finance for nutrition include: • Role of SME in improving nutrition – support, pilots, financing • Better define the benefits across all outcomes of investments in nutrition-sensitive agriculture – also environment, social, etc. • Clearer investment policies and tools – including subsidies • Link nutrition goal to poverty alleviation role • Poultry, eggs in SSA • Long term investment, due to pay-back time of investments • Grains industry is very competitive and political • Partnerships: who is going to join us? • Innovation at serving lower-income consumers – rather than just medium and higher-income consumers • Technical support to build our business plan – and help us to deal with bureaucracy • Have both women and men have access • Adapt technology developed in Western countries • Working through cities • Follow the Food Systems Dialogues at the national level and find country-owned solutions, including demand-driven research • Network formation, peer benchmarking, access to resources • Food Systems Leadership approach • Making staple crops more nutritious To tell if these actions are being successful: • Nutrition Key Performance Indicators • Income of farmers • Sustainability of the business (“are they still alive after 5 years?”) • Social returns: reduction of chronic diseases • Benefits for the entrepreneur • Benefits for the enterprise • Benefits on systems-level • Country-level metrics • Metrics on finance: o Cost of finance o Maturity available o Volume • Gender-equity • Need for “localized” metrics What contributions will our organizations make? • Nutrition Accelerator • Networks connecting SMEs • Developing metrics that measure the impact of investment in nutrition • Food Systems Innovation Hubs (also with WEF amongst others) • Digital Finance Service Innovations and Platforms قراءة القليل

Discussion topic #2: The role of blended capital structures in de-risking and enhancing investments in the food and agri-SME space. What actions in next 3 years will have greatest impact on the Discussion topic? • Disaggregating the investors’ market and the areas of investment needs/recipients of finance in food systems and develop a clear mapping of what types of needs or investments are best suited to specific investors or types of capital. • Innovate in the product offering space, e.g. in designing and issuing large bonds that combine nutrition and other dimensions of sustainable foo... قراءة المزيدd system impact. • Design blended structures with a deliberate agenda of data generation, financing innovation, learning, and informing policy, rather than just with an agenda of mobilizing capital on a time-bound basis. • Aligning metrics to make new investment products for food system capital (e.g. for nutrition and other areas of impact) both impact-meaningful and investor-meaningful, and not too complex. How will it be possible to tell if these actions are being successful? • Cost of capital for agri-SMEs and smallholder farmers should be less than it is today • More capacity to invest in this space among national and local financial institutions • Company-level impacts for agri-SMEs in particular قراءة القليل

Discussion topic #3: Challenges, trends, and promising solutions in smallholder finance WB / FAO estimate 95% of farmers can be classified as smallholders (500 mln) producing 45% world’s food, 70% of the food deriving from Africa, SE Asia, and Latin America. Despite constraints (training, logistics, cheap imports, climate change effects), they obviously put food at tables worldwide. Still: 700 mln people are hungry, 3 bln people lack access to healthy food, particularly in developing countries, and due to scarce resources, food needs to be produced much more sustainably. So, there are opport... قراءة المزيدunities, but what’s hampering smallholders to take them? In this session, we moved into a natural flow by discussing: It’s not about smallholders only (self-subsistence or emerging or exporting), but it’s about the ECOSYSTEM with and around them, including SMEs, the mom and pop stores, producer organizations, and cooperatives. • The Profit we need with business models and business cases, and the need to address this ECOSYSTEM with technology, leapfrog smallholders to the innovation potential with digitization and new financial solutions such as carbon credits as the new currency • The Planet we need to have benefit from new nature impact solutions by connecting the smallholder ECOSYSTEM to agroforestry projects or nutritious production such as fruit trees or cold chain solutions in the ecosystem with less food loss & waste. How will it be possible to tell if these actions are being successful? • If smallholder farmers can organize themselves (more cooperatives, producer organizations): enables financing that is usually hardly possible -> increases rural livelihood enables cooperation to improve market position -> increases equitable livelihoods • If farmers have a voice themselves: where are they in the FSS dialogues? We hardly hear their voice. • If we see successful, scalable new and innovative business models: such as the project ACORN that was showcased as a Firestarter (see: https://channels.ft.com/foodrevolution/marketplace-for-change/) combining agroforestry with nutritious fruit trees, technical data and GPS monitoring (provided by Microsoft to smallholders) and carbon sequestration with new ways of income for smallholders. Integration of value chains to the smallholders’ benefit with the right technology: digitizing value chains, enabling digital wallets on smartphones, monitoring individual plots enabling farmers to access pre-harvest advances when the need for finance is at its peak. Creating more traceability/transparency throughout the value chain. Via Partnerships: such as the project Seed NL that was showcased (see annexed presentation): public-private money spent on seed and propagation materials as a catalyst for transformational change Blended Finance models: de-risking the new partnerships and innovative business models such as the Global Agriculture and Food Security Programme (GAFSP). قراءة القليل

Discussion topic #4: Generating investable asset classes around nutritious foods, Investing in nutritional food must be one of the new investment themes for the next decade. The ageing population, increasing urbanization, excessive build-up debts, fiscal deficits, climate change commitments, and innovation all make a compelling case for governments globally to create a separate line asset class for Sovereign Wealth Funds and Development Funds. The aim must be not just an increase in life span but the quality-of-life span with a significant reduction in health costs and enhanced productivity. T... قراءة المزيدhe following are the key game-changing ideas proposed for the UN Food Summit for creating nutritional food as an asset class: 1. Financing • Creating an asset class for ‘nutritional food’ will attract significant capital from institutional investors and funding agencies. • Investment in ‘nutritional food’ is likely to have a significant positive impact on government health spending globally. For instance, US federal spending on health is expected to be over 20% of the GDP. A study carried out by Cleveland Clinic suggests it can drop down to 7% with healthy habits and healthy eating. Some of the savings can be allocated to funding: o Research for alternative sources for protein in animal feed to reduce the feed cost. This will contribute towards affordability. a) Infrastructure for logistics and cold storage to reduce food wastage b) Subsidies for finance cost for SMEs o Campaign to create awareness and encouraging consumption of healthy food. This is likely to create demand and increase capacity utilization. o Tax exemption for foreign investments and capital investments on Education for SMEs on policies and how to deal with government bureaucracies. • Forestry and growing fruit and vegetables offer the cheapest & long-term option for earning carbon credits for fossil fuel and heavy energy-intensive industrial production. This is critical when globally CO2 emission will need to be reduced by 23 Gigatons by 2030 if the Paris Climate change aspirations are to be realized by 2050. This has a great potential to generate new and cheap capital for farmland. • Compared to conventional asset classes investing in farmland: o Has generated excess returns o is relatively less volatile o is uncorrelated o Is resilient to economic cycles o Represents a good hedge against inflation This is likely to encourage institutional investors to invest in farmland as a yielding asset. This should provide fresh capital for investing in nutritional food. 2. Building Good Credible Investment Pipelines Establishing and funding of independent platforms with the required industry-specific know-how, finance, legal, investment, and policy-specific expertise along the entire value chain of investing in the nutritional food asset class to identify, structure, and match attractive sustainable and scalable investment opportunities with potential investors. قراءة القليل

Discussion topic #5: The role of nutrition impact metrics as facilitators of alignment among investors, nutrition professionals, and agri-SMEs. We need: • Facilitated dialogues to create alignment -- we need to bring government, private sector, nonprofit, scientists, researchers, regulatory altogether and determine how to use the information we have to facilitate dialogue to figure out how to match gaps with solutions • Data infrastructure for metrics and standardized metrics, perhaps through the ESG lens, applying success from other sectors for a pathway to impact - we open ourselves to w... قراءة المزيدomen’s empowerment, access to healthy foods and nutritious foods, etc. • Agreement on standards we use for healthy/unhealthy diets and how to identify gaps • Consensus on healthy/non-healthy diets and what guidance is used; then determine is there a viable business opportunity for investments in stimulating certain productions of foods • A clear roadmap of products that investors can go to invest in • Global theory of change for investing in nutrition SMEs to identify pathways to impact: along the lines of Lancet series that sets out best practices/ pathways across contexts (which will require very rigorous pilot level M&E), which would then allow us to use more process level/ intermediary indicators for larger-scale ongoing investments that are made according to that evidence-based roadmap. What are the lighter touch ways we can get more of a sense of what works? • Pick a few investments to spend a lot of money on M&E We need a global theory of change for investing in nutrition SMEs to identify pathways to impact: along the lines of Lancet series that sets out best practices/ pathways across contexts (which will require very rigorous pilot level M&E), which would then allow us to use more process level/ intermediary indicators for larger-scale ongoing investments that are made according to that evidence-based roadmap. قراءة القليل

Discussion topic #6: Connecting ideas, capital, and place: Overcoming barriers for entrepreneurs to catalyze healthy, sustainable food access in economically disadvantaged communities. Game-changer solutions include: • Identifying and credentialing new metrics that privilege nutrition and purpose, alongside profit, to uplift social enterprises and entrepreneurs who are creating solutions specifically for poor communities. • Developing and funding financing vehicles focused on financial return and nutrition impact, specifically serving underserved people and communities. • Create networks... قراءة المزيد to link SMEs to investors, including pathways for NGOs to support for-profit solutions, mitigate risk and develop effective proof of concepts. How will it be possible to tell if these actions are being successful? • Entrepreneurs will have an understanding of how to access multiple pathways to capital at all stages of the development process. • More models that create nutrition access in underserved communities will be piloted, evaluated, and scaled through traditional investment and NGO/SME partnerships. • The number of financing vehicles focused on financial return and nutrition impact will grow. قراءة القليل

• Challenges in data quality, data integration • Issues around the demand side are also important – progress requires also developing more absorptive demand for the capital that blending can mobilize among local financial institutions and investors. It also requires more capacity to absorb finance among agri-SMEs – who very often need a lot of TA investment not only to be bankable but also to deliver fully the positive food system impact they can potentially deliver- and more demand for nutritious foods. • Challenges in the incentive frameworks governing most blended vehicles and the... قراءة المزيد time frame in which they typically operate, which does not encourage data generation, building local financial capacity, learning, or transparency in reporting. • Decisions about nutrition happen in complex environments at the household and individual level; we should not assume that fixing finance is going to solve that. • Local currency lending is another challenging area. • Market-level challenges affecting the capacity of nutritious foods that are not fully “up to standards” in terms of size or appearance to reach the markets where consumers who need these foods are located, with resulting losses in terms of nutrition but also of incomes for farmers/aggregators/transporters etc. • There are many different types of metrics -- metrics for donor-driven nutrition measurement -- anthropometry, mortality outcomes, height for age, development outcomes • There is a lag in terms of metrics that have evidence-based that have been invested in and where programs and projects have been defined to test those metrics • There is no silver bullet to incentivize or a single indicator to measure • We need enough data to make linkages between dietary quality and health outcomes - it then becomes easier to identify indicators for success • Healthy, unhealthy - green, yellow, red measurement systems are not effective because who defines this? • Determine whether investors are going to invest because of a positive impact on nutrition or because there is an economic incentive for investments to make a positive impact on nutrition -- if the latter, who makes decisions on incentives? • Reduce uncertainty around investments; build consumer value around food (what is nutritious); explore how ESG metrics were originally designed to manage risk and how they can be applied on a pathway to impact • SMEs providing nutritional, perishable food at low cost to communities are challenged to create economies of scale-need to create shared learnings around supply chain management. • Technology is critical to reducing costs, but adoption by businesses and by consumer base is challenging-need to create proof points around adoption/test hybrid solutions that respond to all levels of technological competency. • A lot of capital available in developing markets is restricted, time-bound, philanthropic aid – need to work with donors to create an understanding of the impact on business, provide funding in a way that enables SMEs to thrive while not undercutting traditional charitable efforts. • Perception of “social enterprises” among investors as less profitable than traditional for-profit counterparts need to create a set of metrics that privilege social impact, especially related to nutrition. • Access to data and data ownership (we need a global framework, maybe the FSS can provide guidance): how can we boost data collection and ensure data design with smallholders’ interest at heart? • More transparency and traceability in the value chain: by coalitions of corporates and connections between the key players in the agri value chain • Metrics / framework for real True Pricing and True Cost Accounting (via the Science Group of the FSS?) • Information asymmetry • Poor infrastructure • Risks – production, yield, weather • Market infrastructure • Internal SME issues: Financial controls, accounting etc. • Expectations of returns and duration of the financing • Micro-financing shows good repayments when based on proper support • Women secure good repayment track records • Connection between policymakers and SMEs is crucial  national FSD • Assume more risk with development programs and learn of the failures • Small tickets to overcome minimum amount for investment • Lack of collateral, missing land rights or ownership structures • Market dynamics require more flexible financing structures • Knowledge with financiers • Finance combined with capacity building – business case, how to deal with the market, how to work in a demand-driven way, how to deal with the public structure • If you’re not “the best”, you won’t get finance – you have to be the winner – especially also when age counts • Aid skewing the marketplace قراءة القليل

The event was organized as a multi-stakeholder dialogue focused on identifying barriers to entry for financiers and developing innovative solutions to address the needs of SMEs at all phases of development seeking to impact health and wellness by increasing access to healthy, affordable food will require engagement from different sectors and stakeholders such as: ● Public institutions ● Financial institutions and other development banks and funds ● Foundations and other philanthropic organizations ● Entrepreneurs in the food sector ● Social impact investors ● Nutrition experts ● ... قراءة المزيدPolicy makers with focus on agriculture, nutrition and public health ● Private sector and food industry Central themes and discussion topics included: 1. Key challenges and possible game-changers for access to finance for agri-SMEs operating within food value chains. 2. The role of blended capital structures in de-risking and enhancing investments in the food and agri-SME space. 3. Challenges, trends, and promising solutions in smallholder finance. 4. Generating investable asset classes around nutritious foods. 5. The role of nutrition impact metrics as facilitators of alignment among investors, nutrition professionals, and agri-SMEs. 6. Connecting ideas, capital, and place: overcoming barriers for entrepreneurs to catalyze healthy, sustainable food access in economically disadvantaged communities. قراءة القليل

Investment in ‘nutritional food’ is likely to have a significant positive impact on government health spending globally. For instance, US federal spending on health is expected to be over 20% of the GDP. A study carried out by Cleveland Clinic suggests it can drop down to 7% with healthy habits and healthy eating. Some of the savings can be allocated to funding: o Research for alternative sources for protein in animal feed to reduce the feed cost. This will contribute towards affordability. a) Infrastructure for logistics and cold storage to reduce food wastage b) Subsidies for finance cos... قراءة المزيدt for SMEs o Campaign to create awareness and encouraging consumption of healthy food. This is likely to create demand and increase capacity utilization. o Tax exemption for foreign investments and capital investments on Education for SMEs on policies and how to deal with government bureaucracies. There is a need to build good credible investment pipelines: establishing and funding of independent platforms with the required industry-specific know-how, finance, legal, investment, and policy-specific expertise along the entire value chain of investing in the nutritional food asset class to identify, structure, and match attractive sustainable and scalable investment opportunities with potential investors. There is also a need for: • Bundling finance with inputs, knowledge, marketing partnerships • Better define the benefits across all outcomes of investments in nutrition-sensitive agriculture – also environment, social, etc. • Innovation at serving lower-income consumers – rather than just medium and higher-income consumers • Linking nutrition goal to poverty alleviation role • Designing blended structures with a deliberate agenda of data generation, financing innovation, learning, and informing policy, rather than just with an agenda of mobilizing capital on a time-bound basis. • Aligning metrics to make new investment products for food system capital (e.g. for nutrition and other areas of impact) both impact-meaningful and investor-meaningful, and not too complex. • Integration of value chains to the smallholders’ benefit with the right technology: digitizing value chains, enabling digital wallets on smartphones, monitoring individual plots enabling farmers to access pre-harvest advances when the need for finance is at its peak. Creating more traceability/transparency throughout the value chain. • Data infrastructure for metrics and standardized metrics, perhaps through the ESG lens, applying success from other sectors for a pathway to impact - we open ourselves to women’s empowerment, access to healthy foods and nutritious foods, etc. • Agreement on standards we use for healthy/unhealthy diets and how to identify gaps • Consensus on healthy/non-healthy diets and what guidance is used; then determine is there a viable business opportunity for investments in stimulating certain productions of foods • Identifying and credentialing new metrics that privilege nutrition and purpose, alongside profit, to uplift social enterprises and entrepreneurs who are creating solutions specifically for poor communities. • Developing and funding financing vehicles focused on financial return and nutrition impact, specifically serving underserved people and communities. • Creating networks to link SMEs to investors, including pathways for NGOs to support for-profit solutions, mitigate risk and develop effective proof of concepts. قراءة القليل

ATTITUDES & ADVOCACY: CITIZENS AS CHANGE AGENTS WILL BUILD A BRIDGE TO SUSTAINABLE BEHAVIOUR AROUND FOOD. What will secure construction of solid, sustainable cultural bridges? The discussion context: Instead of the Bing Bang, the next big thing is a lot of small things that work in a complementary fashion and are focused on education; food availability, pricing and convenience; economic and financial levers and incentives; rebuilding trust in the food system; and policy. Actions in the following focus areas were identified as crucial: Education • Start early with food, nutrition, sustain... قراءة المزيدability and food system education • Make it practical and consider cultural context; • Walk the talk: match the classroom ‘talk’ with food served in school canteens. • Be mindful of transition into adulthood, when teenagers develop their own agency and execute choice • Change the narratives on food choices to support the adoption, focus on practical and easy things to engage and empower. Availability, pricing and convenience • Impact the choices o Consumers’ choices are influenced by marketing, pricing and accessibility; both policy and industry practices must strive to influence them towards healthier and more sustainable; o Nudges should be used in creating healthier food choices o the economic means should be ensured to help consumers break through their choice patterns and make them more sustainable. • Encourage behaviour change o by making it feasible and practical • Use pricing is a driver of food choices o particularly for people from challenging socio-economic backgrounds: strike the balance right to interest them in healthier diets, without neglecting the economic hurdles they face. • Ride on the pandemic wave o Seize the momentum and build on the fact that during COVID-19 pandemic people started cooking again; encourage more of the same o others have reconnected to local food supply chains - make sure to keep them connected. Economic and financial levers and incentives • to consumers: make the VAT lower for fruits, vegetables, legumes, grains; • to farmers: o incentivize small-holder farmers to food system transformation by ensuring that they have a sufficient maneuvering space to take risk and change the way they operate (currently, they have a small profit margin (1-2%), so making changes requires taking relatively large risks compared to other food system players); • EU CAP: financial incentives should be available to drive radical change, e.g. to mitigate risks for stakeholders and enable risk interventions; there is plenty of money available, but not distributed such to support production focused on sustainability and healthfulness; • Spark interest in alternative proteins, incl. legumes, as they can contribute to resilience and EU self-sufficiency; legumes grown in the EU are not price competitive and would lead to an ultimate loss for the farmer; in a fair food system, growing food should allow one to be self-sufficient and should not require subsidies. Rebuilding trust in food systems • Involve citizens in innovation processes from early on, to secure a buy-in and get ownership of the process; • Communicate better by informing consumers but also food handlers with clear guidelines (e.g. Nutri-Score) • Make use of professionals in the food systems, incl. nutritionists, to get information across clearly, and explain why differing opinions on certain points may exist. Policy • Support the development and adoption of strong, integrated and ambitious policies: urban food policy councils, or actions at regional and territorial قراءة القليل

FROM LOCAL TO GLOBAL IN SEVEN-LEAGUES POLICY BOOTS: THE EU FARM TO FORK POLICY FRAMEWORK WILL IMPACT BEYOND EUROPEAN BORDERS. Can we leverage the F2F strategy globally? How to ensure the impact? The discussion context: - The leading role of the EU was recognized and Farm to Fork (F2F) considered a great initiative. While there is a need to embrace it globally, it first has to be consolidated at EU level. It was suggested to establish a European Food Policy Council and include stakeholders. - The sustainability of food systems is a global issue, facing diverse challenges, so the response must b... قراءة المزيدe global. The attention to the external dimension of the F2F is especially important, as Europe’s agricultural and food system impacts outside Europe. - An integrated approach should be embraced with third and developing countries, and align the trade, development policies and decisions in standard setting organizations. Developing countries need support to transition towards sustainable economies due to multiple negative impacts (COVID-19, climate change, non-communicable diseases, food insecurity), all the while requiring a change in diets and a reduction of food waste. To make a difference, the following recommendations were proposed: • Promoting research and innovation and coalition building o Food research and innovation are key for making informed decisions, but also for monitoring success. o The value of information sharing, communities of practice, coalition building on food systems transition was recognized. Dialogue is key to conciliate divergent views, but some actions should not be based on voluntary actions but need to be enforced. • Promoting increased transparency along the food chain: a shared responsibility o Food chain actors must support healthy and sustainable diets and transform their production and operation methods. This requires human and financial investments and therefore should also bring economic returns. o Increased fairness and equity along the chain is required to succeed in transitioning towards sustainable food systems. o A fair and transparent policy (open communication, fair prices, risk sharing) promoting more transparency along supply chains and better distribution of value is needed. o Capacity development is key, especially for farmers groups and MSMEs, providing support to operators in meeting required economic, social and environmental standards. • Providing incentives towards sustainable food systems o Investments & incentives by public and private sector are needed: encouraging responsible food supply and consumption with neutral or positive environmental impact (tax incentives, procurement), responsible businesses, labelling, and work on legislative measures. o Consumers need to be represented and have a stronger voice in the food system. They also must understand that the price of food is generally low, and does not include externalities. o The farmers, fishers and other operators in the food chain who have already undergone the transition to sustainable practices, be in local or global markets, should be rewarded as to encourage the transition for the others, and create additional opportunities for their businesses. • Reconciling local and global food systems - Tradeoffs between local and global food systems need to be reached. There is no single solution in complex and interdependent systems. - To move towards food systems approach, managing change, breaking silos, and leveraging resources and measuring impact will be critical. قراءة القليل