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Three ingredients of building resilience Food Justice & Community Education 1. Commitment to a cause and commitment to finding solutions TOGETHER 2.Empathy for yourself and your community. 'We instead of me.' Empathy is the ingredient you find within yourself: finding empathy for others makes you more resilient too 3.Knowledge: also goes into empathy, as you first may have to learn about the problems others are facing. Also includes knowledge about food and nutrition (ESP) El Liderazgo Comunitario (Community leadership) 1. The fight is worth it. If you can, fight for hope. 2. Create networ... Read moreks that care for and empower leaders. 3. We can all be leaders from the experience of our realities. Read less

Three ingredients of building resilience through Social Entrepreneurship 1. Clear vision to give you purpose and priority; 2. Inclusion- businesses and entrepreneurs have a responsibility to include people in the conversion 3. Mindset and awareness- building an education network based on hope and open-mindedness

To change the conversation, we must change who is sitting around the table. We convened and conceived of the event in an unconventional way from the offset so, in that sense, we had already diverged from the status quo. Who did we bring who are not normally in the room? Resiliencers sharing their own experience instead of a representative from an organisation Artists sharing their perspective in their language of choice - art Youth - engaging the younger audience - need to see the participant split What did we do that diverged from the dialogue template? We started with a discourse to allow pe... Read moreople who do not usually have a voice in forums like these to take the stage, and we allowed for questions and answers before bringing in the dialogue. What surprised us? How self-determined our protagonists are and how intentional they are about owning and leading their future, and empowering those around them. Read less

“Poor people are the world’s greatest entrepreneurs. Every day, they must innovate in order to survive. They remain poor because they do not have the opportunities to turn their creativity into sustainable income.” ~ Pr. Muhammad Yunus Too often, those most affected and most vulnerable to shocks and stresses in our food system are left out of the conversation and excluded from decisions that affect them. In this Dialogue, we wanted to share first-hand accounts and learn directly from the frontline of resilience. We focused on sharing and learning from stories of people, resiliencers, who... Read more have been affected firsthand by food insecurity and came up with radical solutions to feed themselves and their loved ones. The possibility this Dialogue offered was to listen and learn from examples of community resilience to food insecurity that renew hope and the way we work together to replicate the success globally. In addition, we made art an integral part of our Dialogue. By bringing artists together with our storytellers and changing the people at the table, we allowed diverse opinions and different languages to tell and translate stories of resilience. We wanted to prove that creativity and art can lead to different solutions that deviate from the norm. Read less

“Resilience is not an ability one actively decides to acquire. It stems from a place of discomfort. In difficult times, empathy for our community sparks something within ourselves. By caring for each other and nurturing each other we strengthen our sense of community which in turn strengthens our individual resilience. But resilience should be thought of as a communal strength rather than an individualistic one.” ~ quote from a young artist at our Dialogue Watch summary: https://youtu.be/OJompq3IFPE&t=1783s The findings of this dialogue center on the human element of building resilienc... Read moree to inform and complement other efforts of solution-building. Here, we focused on the common patterns, insights and takeaways that emerged as a whole. The outputs of the breakout discussions are included in the next section. I. The value of dialogue and power of inclusion to create change 1. Shift in dynamics: The speakers participated in the breakouts as equals rather than as beneficiaries, speaking with authority. We observed a different level of engagement when it is the changemaker representing themselves sharing their reality, their definition of success and their dream. Bringing resilience leaders and role models to the table is essential to shift the narrative and the power relations. 2. Shift in language: The vernacular changed from “they” to “we” when we bring the resiliencer and the community to the table to join the conversation. 3. Keeping the problems and solutions real. It's just as important to have ears as well as voice to input, create the right options, and make decisions. Not to mention enabling efficiency and transparency. How can we enable this level of engagement consistently? 4. "I am not alone" was a sentiment expressed by more than one of our seven changemakers during the dialogue. This dialogue actually turned out to be an opportunity for them to learn from each others’ journeys. 5. Who are we actually inspiring? An unforeseen outcome of the dialogue was that one of our speaker’s stories was shared on national TV in Chile, reaching millions. Melyna Montes won a “Mujeres que Inspiran” (Inspiring Women) Award by Banco de Chile. Sharing each other's stories and learnings is a source of inspiration not just for organisations but for the communities and individuals as well. II. Art to inspire action (Full artwork https://www.socialgastronomy.org/sgm-stories/2021/6/18/at5-artwork Art, like food, builds bridges of understanding and can inspire feeling, imagination and creativity which in turn generate further dialogue and action. Our artists listened to the diverse opinions, contexts and languages to channel their equally diverse visual representations of their learnings. Creativity was named an important factor for achieving resilience. This factor can lead to different, innovative solutions that deviate from the norm. How can we cultivate a complementary space? III. The needs and "key ingredients of building resilience" 1. Resilience is as much about the mindset as the actions: Consistently, each speaker had a clear sense of purpose, the drive to pursue their mission and belief in themselves. Leaders also need support and care in return. 2. Feed the desire for learning and education that include: - Opportunities to learn, to gain employment and being given a fair chance. - A nourishing, supportive environment with role models and peers that uphold important values such as empathy, collaboration, courage, initiative, solidarity in order for leaders and multipliers to grow into their potential. 3. “More than the delivery of help is the delivery of possibilities''. Cultivate a partnership mindset: "Accompany us", "walk in our steps" to build the capacity for resilience together no matter if it’s a charity, NGO, business or individual. 4. Community and a sense of belonging are central to building resilience no matter the setting (restaurant, neighbourhood, refugee camp, rural village, etc). While self-determination is a foundational quality of those who shared stories of overcoming challenges, a solid support system, role models and a safe space for expressing vulnerability allows us to grow organically and find a place where we not only survive, but we thrive. 5. At a systemic or intersectional level, there were commonalities that encompassed many crucial values and principles. Cultivating empathy is key for building capacity for resilience. It can be found within ourselves, and when we have empathy for others, we become more resilient by proxy. When we do something to better the lives of those around us, it becomes easier to continue fighting for their futures. IV. Barriers and challenges 1. Basic access to participate and connect is limited for many vulnerable communities and local leaders who are often not well connected externally, relying on their partner organisation as an interface. Not all leaders (decision makers) provide transparency to guide the end group to help them find a way and join the system actively. Facilitating the route for communities is key. This includes tech barriers, access to utilities and resources, the right networks, knowledge and language. 2. Focus on what’s in front of us: Reinforcing our basic human rights and ethics is key to creating the environment for building resilience: equal opportunities, labour laws, upholding agency and dignity, food security as a human right. 3. How can we conduct inclusive multi-lingual, multi-regional, multi-stakeholder experiences better to facilitate connection, collaboration and participation. Read less

A review of recent evidence (see links provided at end of report) shows the importance of technical innovation driven by research, development, and extension as drivers of agricultural productivity growth, and further, the catalytic role of agricultural productivity-led growth in poverty reduction, food systems resilience, and economic transformation. Investments in agricultural research and development generate among the greatest impacts on agricultural productivity growth and poverty reduction per dollar spent, though many African governments invest less than 1% of agricultural GDP in agricu... Read moreltural research. Panelists from public and private sector, research, and development communities called for priority actions to ensure sustained support for agricultural research and development. Calls to action include: Demonstrate sustained government commitment for national agricultural Research & Development & Extension (R&D&E) investments, leveraging and building on international donor and CGIAR investments. Increase investments in locally relevant, adaptive national-level agricultural research and development, including the investments in improved institutional and absorptive capacity and ownership at National Agricultural Research Systems (NARS) and improved education for innovation actors, including on-farm actors. Identify opportunities to further strengthen cooperation between national and international research systems and partnerships with the private sector. Prioritize rule of law, governance, and more favorable enabling trade, policy, infrastructure, and security environments to drive productivity growth and support private sector investment. Integrate inclusive, demand-driven, and adaptive agricultural research prioritization and technology development across all agricultural research and development efforts, including social sciences and policy research, ensuring R&D investments reflect choice and actively and meaningfully include smallholder farmers and innovators, women, and youth. Ensure that innovation systems are adaptive to environmental changes and local context. Each of these are further discussed in the next report section. Read less

Discussion Point 1) How to mobilize sustained political commitment in Africa for agricultural research, development, and extension Discussion addressed the need for governments to demonstrate sustained commitment for national agricultural research, development, and extension investments that leverage and build on international donor and CGIAR investments. Panelists called for national governments to fulfill current commitments to investments in agriculture and specifically agricultural research and development. One example cited is the Maputo Declaration, in which African governments agreed to... Read more allocate 10% of government spending to agriculture, with targets for agricultural R&D. However, many are only at 2-3%. Additionally, discussion addressed the need for governments to prioritize rule of law, governance, and more favorable enabling trade, policy, infrastructure, and security environments to drive productivity growth and support private sector investments in agricultural research and development. As an example, at least one reference highlighted how the implementation of the African Continental Free Trade Agreement (AfCFTA) can provide expanded markets for African farmers and provide incentives for the adoption of farm technologies that increase productivity, noting also that those technologies need to be developed and adapted to the highly varied farming conditions in Africa in order to realize these benefits, again pointing to the importance of supporting the NARS. Read less

Discussion Point 2) Investments in international CGIAR research and National Agricultural Research Systems (NARS), do we have the right balance? Panelists shared views and data supporting the idea that efforts to improve livelihoods across the board are now constrained by lack of progress in building national-level research and development capacity, particularly within NARS, and extension services. Given the highly varying farming conditions in the region, farm technologies and soil fertility management practices must be locally adapted to specific conditions. Strong NARS and extension systems... Read more are needed to achieve this. Technical innovation that is adapted to specific smallholder conditions is a precondition for sustainable and inclusive transformation of food systems. Panelists also recommended that smallholder farmers themselves be active voices and participants in this process. The CG system has contributed and continues to contribute substantially to innovations in developing countries. However, these centers alone do not have the resources to reach millions of smallholder farmers with their specific and highly varied needs. Adaptive national level R&D&E is a crucial source of technical innovation of the food system. Consensus was reached around the need for increased local and international investments in locally relevant, adaptive national level agricultural research and development, including the investments in improved institutional and absorptive capacity and ownership at National Agricultural Research Systems (NARS), improved education for innovation actors, including on-farm actors, and incorporating indigenous knowledge and technologies. At the same time, discussion touched on the need to identify opportunities to further strengthen cooperation between national and international research systems, marrying best international practices with locally developed and relevant technologies, and partnerships with the private sector. Read less

Discussion 3) How can we ensure that “science” is not weaponized by powerful actors that foreclose sustainable and accessible approaches to technical innovation? Integrate inclusive, demand-driven, and adaptive agricultural research prioritization and technology development across all agricultural research and development efforts, including social sciences and policy research, ensuring R&D investments reflect choice and actively and meaningfully include smallholder farmers and innovators, women, and youth. Ensure that innovation systems are adaptive to environmental changes and local c... Read moreontext. Discussion addressed the need for the inclusion of the user community to understand what their needs are so that research can respond to these needs with emphasis on product life cycles, gender, and farmer choice. Emphasis on the entire product life cycle is important to respond to demand which leverages the whole innovation system and improves scalability. Women and men have differential perceptions, experiences, access to resources, and sources of information. Gender-responsive agricultural research, development, and extension systems are crucial to ensuring innovations meet the needs of women and men in the community. In the same way, inclusive agricultural R&D&E systems address the needs of youth and other communities that may otherwise be marginalized. Panelists also discussed barriers to farmer access and farmer choice. Inclusion in policy making and technology development should be at the center of agriculture R&D work and will be important as we look forward to the future of technology advances. Read less

Through discussion, several points emerged as areas in need of further exploration, including: How can we build more political commitment to agricultural R&D, recognizing it as a key success factor in agriculture-led transformation and agriculture itself as a core component of economies? How can governments and international organizations invest in NARS capacity building while also leveraging the capacity of the international research community, private sector, and CGIAR system? How can modern agricultural R&D be compatible with, and incorporate, traditional and indigenous knowledge? W... Read morehat needs to be in place to foster these exchanges? Additionally, emerging from conversations during the planning of this event and from comments shared by at least one panelist and one participant, there was discussion about the importance of inclusivity and ideas on creating space for all kinds of knowledge, both modern and traditional. Views were expressed that technical innovation should not be limited to lab-based science, but also incorporate indigenous technologies and knowledge. Recommendations were made for future discussion with invitation to a broader panel, including agroecologists, to speak to the places of collaboration and overlap to avoid foreclosing on views, disciplines, or stakeholder groups. The co-organizers of this dialogue—the World Bank, the African Development Bank/African Development Institute (AfDB/ADI), the Regional Network of Agricultural Policy Research Institutes (ReNAPRI), the Alliance for African Partnership, the US Agency for International Development (USAID), and BIFAD—are committed to championing and broadly disseminating these important themes and messages to policymakers, including at the UN Food Systems Summit, and in pursuing opportunities to continue and expand this dialogue with particular focus on inclusivity and seeking diverse stakeholder engagement for solutions-oriented discussion. This continued dialogue, exploration of evidence, and convening of stakeholders are expected to influence informed policy changes to increase strategic and targeted investments in agricultural research and development, including recommitment to existing policy frameworks. In the longer term, increased strategic investments in agricultural research, development, and extension are known to have catalytic and transformative impacts on food systems and broader development outcomes. Read less

As an invited side event to the U.N. Food Systems Summit Science Days, this event gathered leaders across the private and public research and development sectors to identify and discuss the key actions needed to advance adaptive agricultural research and develop an enabling policy environment to support the steady stream of technological innovations necessary for resilient and sustainable food systems. The discussion reviewed evidence of evolving economic transformation and progress towards resilience in sub-Saharan Africa from the Board for International Food and Agriculture Development (BIFA... Read moreD)-commissioned Agricultural Productivity Growth, Resilience, and Economic Transformation in Sub-Saharan Africa report; the World Bank publication Harvesting Prosperity: Technology and Productivity Growth in Agriculture; and the African Development Bank Group publication, Building Resilience in Food Systems and Agricultural Value Chains. Together, panelists and participants identified lessons learned from countries in which substantial investments in adaptive agricultural research and development and extension systems have shown the catalytic role of productivity-led agricultural growth in contributing to employment, resilience, and economic transformation. Panelists were asked to present recommendations for actionable steps towards addressing three key questions: 1) Investments in international CGIAR research and National Agricultural Research Systems (NARS), do we have the right balance? 2) How do we best mobilize sustained political commitment in Africa for agricultural research, development, and extension? 3) Whose science counts, and how can we ensure that “science” is not appropriated by powerful actors that could potentially foreclose sustainable and accessible approaches to technical innovation? Read less

El Diálogo se tituló como, “Fomentando la Resiliencia en los Sistemas Alimentarios Latinoamericanos: Lecciones Aprendidas en Crisis y Soluciones Hacia la Seguridad Alimentaria y Nutricional Sostenible.” El tema principal así fue el fomento de la resiliencia en los sistemas alimentarios a nivel regional y nacional a partir de las lecciones aprendidas durante estos tiempos de crisis y el planteamiento de soluciones y compromisos que nos ayuden a construir sistemas alimentarios más resilientes, equitativos, diversos y sostenibles. Para los grupos se desglosó el tema principal en tres tem... Read moreas de debate: 1) Lecciones Aprendidas en Tiempos de Crisis: Las crisis recientes han probado la resiliencia de nuestros sistemas alimentarios, mostrándonos áreas débiles que necesitan inversión y transformación, áreas fuertes que necesitan protección y crecimiento, y cómo los diversos actores del sistema pueden unir esfuerzos y trabajar hacia la reactivación, la resiliencia, y la seguridad alimentaria y nutricional de todas las poblaciones. Las siguientes fueras las preguntas de discusión del tema #1: a. ¿En qué áreas del sistema alimentario observamos debilidades y/o fortalezas durante la(s) reciente(s) crisis? b. ¿Qué respuestas se pusieron en práctica que funcionaron, o no funcionaron, para la reactivación del sistema y la provisión de alimentos? c. ¿Qué hemos aprendido de las crisis y qué acciones a futuro podemos tomar? 2) Sistemas Alimentarios Robustos, Equitativos y Sostenibles: Todos tenemos un rol y ponemos de nuestra parte para crear sistemas alimentarios robustos, equitativos y sostenibles que provean ingresos justos para los agricultores y trabajadores del sistema, y que aseguren la seguridad alimentaria y nutricional de todos, con atención especial hacia las poblaciones más vulnerables. Las siguientes fueras las preguntas de discusión del tema #2: a. ¿Qué áreas del sistema necesitan más atención en este tema? b. ¿Cuál es nuestro rol y el de las entidades a las que pertenecemos? c. ¿Qué soluciones proponemos y qué acciones nos comprometemos a poner en práctica, tanto a corto y largo plazo? 3) Transformación hacia Sistemas Alimentarios Diversos y Sostenibles: Los sistemas alimentarios transformados hacen posible una producción más diversa y sostenible, que regenere nuestra base de recursos naturales y proteja nuestra biodiversidad, y al mismo tiempo provea una alimentación diversa que supla las necesidades nutricionales de nuestras poblaciones presentes y futuras. Las siguientes fueras las preguntas de discusión del tema #3: a. ¿Qué áreas del sistema alimentario necesitan transformación hacia la sostenibilidad? b. ¿Cómo podemos proteger y regenerar nuestra base de recursos naturales y biodiversidad? c. ¿Qué soluciones proponemos y qué acciones nos comprometemos a poner en práctica, a corto y largo plazo? Read less

Varios temas y patrones se observaron durante la sesión de recapitulación de las discusiones de los grupos. Con respecto a las vulnerabilidades y fortalezas observadas en el sistema alimentario durante la pandemia, se mencionó que no estuvimos preparados para enfrentar este tipo de crisis, y que a futuro, se debería tener planes nacionales de prevención, respuesta y acción para el funcionamiento de los sistemas alimentarios y salvaguardar la seguridad alimentaria y nutricional de las poblaciones. Un resultado de la crisis fue la adaptación e innovación a varias escalas, en la grande, m... Read moreediana y pequeña empresa. En varios contextos, hubo mucha dependencia en unas pocas y grandes empresas que, al sufrir las consecuencias de las restricciones y los cambios en los mercados, afectaron el sistema alimentario de forma significativa. Esta es una de las razones por la que se recomienda la diversificación dentro del sistema y sus actores. Se recalcó también la necesidad de invertir en la educación y capacitación, con enfoque en los pequeños productores, para que puedan innovar y acceder a las nuevas tecnologías. Un tema muy importante fue la necesidad de mejorar la vinculación entre los varios grupos de interés: productores, academia, sector privado, gobierno y la sociedad civil con vista hacia la creación de sistemas alimentarios resilientes y sostenibles. Read less

Tema #1: Lecciones Aprendidas en Tiempos de Crisis. Las crisis recientes han probado la resiliencia de nuestros sistemas alimentarios, mostrándonos áreas débiles que necesitan inversión y transformación, áreas fuertes que necesitan protección y crecimiento, y cómo los diversos actores del sistema pueden unir esfuerzos y trabajar hacia la reactivación, la resiliencia, y la seguridad alimentaria y nutricional de todas las poblaciones. Durante la pandemia se observó falta de apoyo a los productores y una desconexión de los mercados. Hubo producción agrícola, pero fallaron las cadenas... Read more de distribución. Hubo bastante contagio en los lugares de abasto, y también se observó presión poblacional en algunas zonas rurales, ya que muchas personas regresaron durante la pandemia y no estaban preparadas estas zonas para este cambio. Algunas de las soluciones presentadas incluyeron incrementar la diversidad de cultivos a nivel local, e incluir especies nativas o subutilizadas para mejorar la seguridad alimentaria y nutricional en general y durante tiempos de crisis. Crear un mejor apoyo y acompañamiento para los productores con educación, capacitación y acceso a la tecnología, para promover la innovación y diversificación de producción e ingresos y así fomentar la resiliencia. Read less

Tema #2: Sistemas Alimentarios Robustos, Equitativos y Sostenibles. Todos tenemos un rol y ponemos de nuestra parte para crear sistemas alimentarios robustos, equitativos y sostenibles que provean ingresos justos para los agricultores y trabajadores del sistema, y que aseguren la seguridad alimentaria y nutricional de todos, con atención especial hacia las poblaciones más vulnerables. Es necesario tener un plan y estrategia para la resiliencia y la transformación de los sistemas alimentarios a nivel nacional, con la participación del gobierno y los varios grupos de interés. Para prevenir ... Read moreun efecto fuerte de las crisis para los productores y empresas es necesario diversificar tanto la producción como los actores dentro del sistema. Preparar a facilitadores y entrenadores de destrezas y tecnología que ayuden a estas mejoras. Promover leyes que protejan a los productores, no de forma paternalista, sino en asociación. Incrementar no sólo la seguridad alimentaria, sino también la soberanía alimentaria. Read less

- Concerned about the quality of food (in terms of vitamins and nutrients) being donated and distributed through local food pantries in the US - need more locally sourced food through a compression and decentralization of supply chains - Growth of healthy corner farmers on 1/10 of an acre plots to create food oases in food deserts in the US; step beyond the idea of healthy corner stores selling more fruits and vegetables to grounding production in the community (healthy corner farmers rather than healthy corner stores); use of hydroponic farms for production - In Nigeria, internally displaced ... Read morepersons (IDP) farmers have limited access to farmland, so home gardens and home animal raising is key to surviving offseason produce price spikes, when the community is dependent on transported foods. - Use of Tom Brown, a nutritious porridge made of millet, corn, sorghum, soya, and groundnuts, to feed malnourished children with locally sourced food in Nigeria - Mobile food markets in the US can reduce numbers of those living in food deserts, but the need must be mapped out first - Concerned by the wasted food production in Nigeria fueled by transportation, store, and preservation problems- for tomatoes, for instance, the population faces seasonal price spikes because there is no way to preserve the tomatoes; logistics are the key in avoiding off-season produce price spikes. - Childhood traumas/adverse childhood experiences (ACEs), often influence whether people eat healthily or desire fast foods and often correlates with diet-related disease, given the role of stress-related cortisol in cravings for high-fat foods Read less

- Smaller, local farmers lack access to quality seeds/support and markets- need for regulations to ensure small holder farmers have access to the right resources both to consume as well as sell to their communities - Farmers get discouraged because of low prices and exploitation- having access to quality inputs at fair costs would allow them to also sell at appropriate prices (affordable for consumers, profitable for sellers) - High value crops are prioritized at the expense of other crops due to market forces - Western countries dictate what lower income countries receive through food aid, di... Read moresturbs the market system; bulk buying and reliance on WFP exploits local farmers. - In Uganda, we need to organize farmers into unions so that individuals are not selling individually but as farmer unions who can collectively bargain for better prices - In Uganda, young people avoid agriculture because they consider it not profitable and are selling land to move to city- try to connect youth with older generations to show that you can have a farm and an office job - and that profit is possible; use SBCC with having peer to peer conversations that can show success stories and impact - Promoting Technology in agriculture would demonstrate that it is possible to make a profit by saving time and cost and makes it more attractive to the youth - In the US, youth not really involved in farming unless they grew up doing it as part of a family business - certain neighborhoods should start household cultivation. Each member of the community would have 1 type of plant (herb, fruit, vegetable) and then the community members would trade to sustain themselves - Role of government and how they can influence the system - COVID 19 as an opportunity to highlight the importance of local food systems and encouraging households to grow their own foods - Encouraging food sovereignty and the food as a right and not just a commodity Read less

- Need to be conscious of complexities in how individuals interact with food systems and deal with food insecurity- there is heterogeneity of vulnerability, and we need to look at it at different levels (community, household, and individual) - Need to provide farmers with education on managing risk where it be weather, conflict, currency fluctuations, etc- to make systems more resilient there needs to be more understanding of what the risks are and their impacts in the short, medium, and long term. - Real change needs happen at the local level especially in conflict areas- component of basic s... Read moretart up support as well as education - Need to move from basic caloric intake needed to live to providing full/balanced nutrition and diverse diets with fruits and vegetable - Protracted crisis and conflict change food systems fundamentally, but we treat them as temporary; development is possible in areas experiencing protracted conflict, but local leadership is critical - Should adapt weather-related risk management systems to conflict and have financial services that can work where there is a lot of uncertainty. - Need early warning systems for other types of uncertainty than famine and some weather challenges Read less

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The focus of our Dialogue was to help elevate the voices of those who are most directly impacted by development and humanitarian initiatives. It was open to development and humanitarian implementers, local leaders, and community members, as well as field and extension officers, national and local governments, and companies interested in providing contextual perspectives for how humanitarian and development strategies impact communities. Our purpose was to encourage a diverse and expansive pool of voices to help improve the representation and empowerment of local leadership in influencing the S... Read moreDG goals. Therefore, the Dialogue was an exploration of food systems in the development and humanitarian context and was intentionally open to discussion topics related to all five Action Tracks to allow people to bring their own interests and individual roles within the food system to the table. Read less