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1. Already achieved results: Progress in diminishing food waste, establishment of a new waste management system toward sustainability and to achieve circular economy, active research activities on the topic of sustainability, progress in catering sector to promote local products, many activities in education and in attitude formation. Pilot programme to promote healthy nutrition in schools. Booklet on circular economy to SMEs “Hozd magad körforgásba” http://www.hermanottointezet.hu/hozd-magad-korforgasba-utmutato-kkv-k-reszere-korforgasos-gazdasagrol Hungarian version of FAO Booklet „L... قراءة المزيدegyél te is Ételmentő!” http://www.ajbh.hu/documents/10180/2917711/legyel_te_is_etelmento.pdf/df5dbe57-61b2-22c1-df6b-18a0efe100c1 Resolution of the Office of the Commissioner for Fundamental Rights on soil protection http://www.ajbh.hu/documents/10180/2762244/talaj_allasfoglalas_vegleges_melleklettel.pdf/7dcaccce-9932-76de-5ce9-f33ffc3fa93d Resolution of the Office of the Commissioner for Fundamental Rights on implementation of SDGs in Hungary http://www.ajbh.hu/documents/10180/2791084/SDG_elvi+llsfoglals_2017_12_19_kiadott.pdf/33b3f4e6-ae40-e743-8d32-2c98b8baea4c Magyar Élelmiszerkönyv - Codex Alimentarius Hungaricus https://elelmiszerlanc.kormany.hu/download/d/64/b1000/2-109_2016-12-21.pdf Educational programmes: Educational programme and documents of the NÉBIH „Wasteless” Oktatási segédanyagok also available in English for special request. Green Kindergarden programme - https://zoldovoda.hu/ Environmental eductaional programme - https://bisel.hu/ « Save a garden programme » - „Ments meg egy kertet!” National School Garden Development Programme - Országos Iskolakert-fejlesztési Program https://www.iskolakertekert.hu/index.php/hu/ قراءة القليل

In general participants agreed on the next steps to do on short and long term for achieving more sustainable food systems as follows: 1. Encourage education about healthy diet, environmental education programmes. 2. Proper data collection and agreeing on right indicators, 3. More investment in information technology (apps) and in awareness-raising programmes for consumers. Certified marks and labels for raising the awareness of the public on environmental/ sustainability issues. 4. Preparation of complex, inter-sectoral nutrition strategy and introduction of precision nutrition are desirable. ... قراءة المزيد5. Strengthening of cooperation and coordination between sectors, establishment of a more horizontal approach. Enhance common governmental communication on sustainability. 6. Promotion of organic landscape management and supporting local production, 7. Policy incentives to support more sustainable production techniques. Participants agreed that further dialogues are desired for exploring specific aspects of food systems in greater depth with the involvement of more other stakeholders. قراءة القليل

The title of the national dialogue was “Dialogue on achieving sustainability in food production and food consumption (economic, environmental, social impacts)”. Our aims with the dialogue were: - to have an overview of the current status and a comprehensive overview of our food systems from the perspective of the healthy and sustainable production and consumption, mainly Action Track 2 and 3.; - to straighten and to create contacts between different stakeholders; - to identify the two-three main steps to do in short and in long terms in order to develop sustainability of our food systems.

Culturally, Fijians and Pacific islanders are not comfortable with disagreeing with one another publicly or in a meeting setting. The Pacific way is through consensus and silence is used to signify agreement in a formal setting. Hence, there were not many issues of divergence emerging from group discussions, although we acknowledge that this may have differed had there been stakeholders with more divergent views present. The one area of divergence occurred during discussions on Strand 1 (Reducing Hunger and Inequality) and was related to land degradation and its negative impact on fisheries; c... قراءة المزيدonflicting policies such as poultry/ livestock rearing within residential properties which are contrary to the Public Health Act. Policies prioritizing yaqona and tobacco for economic benefits (which may favour wealthier producers) have negative social and health impacts that need to be considered. قراءة القليل

Strand 1 – Reducing Hunger and Inequality Lack of access to land for people to be able to grow their crops and get fresh foods is a key aspect related to poverty in Fiji. This is especially important in urban areas around informal settlements where children and pregnant women are suffering the most in terms of triple burden malnutrition. For example, obesity, anemia, underweight. Inequality, especially with vulnerable groups, worsened after COVID-19. Lack of equal opportunities, access to services e.g phone ownership, employment and resources are all impacted. The game changing solution is t... قراءة المزيدo look at poverty from an intersectional lens (gender, ethnicity, education, etc) to ensure no one is left behind. Fiji needs to be more inclusive and nutrition-sensitive in its policies with social protection beneficiaries and should consider basic services for people in this space. Opportunities to increase income across the food systems need to be reconstructed and rebuilt to identify the root causes of poverty and invest more in new generations within communities while addressing policies. Strand 2 – Increase Access to Nutritious Food In Fiji, people are eating more processed foods particularly in the urban areas where the media has played a big role in marketing some of these foods. In order to change that, informal markets should be linked to formal ones, changing concepts and behavior to encourage and promote eating local healthy foods. Small and Medium Enterprises should be supported for mass production of vegetables and fruits in order to ensure availability and affordability at all levels. Some ideas for the way forward included creating a robust online system throughout the value chain in the food system; increase communication access to rural areas to increase marketing opportunities and promote more involvement in the barter system. The challenge of lack of affordability was also addressed through advocating for more planting and production at all levels and Ministry of Agriculture to lead through pilot and model farms, increase tax on imported foods, improve research capacity on productivity within ministries. It is important to increase self-sufficiency and reduce heavy reliance on rice and wheat imports as well as enhancing partnerships to sustain development projects and promote diversification in communities. Legislation should be in place for any house built to have a space for backyard gardening including informal settlements. Regulations need to be reviewed to include High Fat, Sugar & Salt reduction targets to make foods healthier; review the level of fortificants on flour and monitor its iron content. Education plays an important role; the Ministry of Education may revise its curriculum to include food and nutrition security and value chain in the food system. Strand 3 – Safe Food Legislation and regulation approval processes in government are too lengthy. Food Safety Act needs to be reviewed to align with trade agreements requirements. Accessing data and information on food safety is an issue since this is not readily available. More work is required to stop heavy metal contaminants in food and water. Government officers need to be equipped to conduct food safety checks. Technology such as development of Apps is required to track and trace and ensure consumer safety. Awareness is needed on the use of pesticides for farmers and consumers and other alternatives such as home-made solutions that could be used instead of pesticides. Better coordination on reporting of food safety issues from relevant agencies on marine ecosystem as for example fish poisoning. The group identified areas or types of food that need more attention in Fiji such as local vegetables, fruits and root crops, fish and seafood, meat and livestock and food adulteration on local and imported food products. Meat handling needs more attention where illegal slaughtering of livestock is happening in the community especially for social functions or roadside sales. Pending food safety related policies need to be approved so programmes could be implemented. Ministry of Agriculture and Ministry of Health need to link together closely on food s قراءة القليل

Main findings and conclusions A summary of the main outcomes of the Group Discussions is reported in the next section, however, below are additional findings across the three thematic areas: 1. Reduce Food Insecurity Fiji needs to transform its mindset by focusing on a whole of society approach and build capacities on systems thinking. There is a need to identify linkages, break silos, improve food supply chain (market, transport, infrastructure etc) and reposition and market healthy foods to make them more appealing. There is also a need to relook at government policies to support transformat... قراءة المزيدion. Opportunities to increase income across the food systems need to be reconstructed and rebuilt to identify the root causes of poverty. There is a need to invest more in the next generation in communities while addressing policies. 2. Increase Access to Nutritious Food Access to healthy foods is an issue in Fiji, with different reasons identified in the Dialogue, as those related to regulations, need to boost national production, infrastructure and high costs of transport from rural to urban areas etc. The high cost of production in Fiji and exorbitant bank lending fees were also identified as barriers to access nutritious foods. Initiatives bring about change require political and should be driven by an overarching authority, as the Prime Minister’s Office. Priority investment by government should focus on agriculture and fisheries since these sectors play second fiddle to tourism. With commitment and investment, implementation can take place and boost industry by the inclusion of insurance policies for farmers, for example. We need to work with financial institutions to provide access to finance for farmers to grow our agriculture sector. 3. Safe Food Pending food safety related policies need to be approved so programmes can be implemented. Some legislation and regulations need to be reviewed as well The Ministry of Agriculture and Ministry of Health need to link together closely on food safety issues and strengthening of food testing capabilities. More technology and training on food safety is required. قراءة القليل

The Dialogue focused on a comprehensive exploration of Fiji’s food systems as follows: 1. Access to Nutritious Food, Ministry of Health & Medical Services The nutritional situation of Fiji’s population is determined by data collected from the decennial National Nutrition Survey (latest 2015) and the food availability information from the Food Balance Sheet. Dietary pattern is shifting away from the traditional diet of root crops to more of a cereal-based diet. Starchy staples of root crops provided 22% of total energy in the diet while cereal-based foods contributed 38% to the total di... قراءة المزيدetary energy per day. Fiji has high dependency on food imports where 69% of calories were imported while only 31% was sourced locally in 2010. Fiji is burdened with Non-Communicable Diseases, Communicable Diseases and Micronutrient deficiencies such as anaemia. In the last 10 years, anaemia is still a problem in all age groups from children under 5 years (63%), 5-14 years (45%), 15-17years (43.5%), adult 18 years and above male (32.4%) and female (48.2%) and pregnant women (40%). 2. Poverty and Inequality, Ministry of Agriculture The poverty result of the 2019-20 Household Income and Expenditure Survey was addressed. At national level, the proportion of people living below the poverty line was 29.9%. More people in the rural areas (41.5%) compared to urban areas (20.4%) are living below the poverty line Household heads who have more members in the household are found to be poor. The average household size for poor households is 5.6 while non-poor households is 3.9. The same trend is also observed between poor and non-poor households in urban and rural areas. Poverty rates were also high with household heads that did not complete at least primary education. By employment sector, more poor households are employed with non-subsistence agriculture sector (44%) in comparison to agriculture subsistence sector (41%). People who live with a household head that is employed in the private sector have higher poverty rates than those in public sector. In observing the relationship between agriculture and poverty in Fiji, it was found that 41.4% of the rural population live below the poverty line, whereas 73.4% of the rural population lives in agricultural households. In terms of rural households, 45.5% of rural households live below the poverty line, while 86.6% of these rural households are agricultural households. This reiterates the need to develop the agricultural sector to alleviate poverty in Fiji. 3. Safe Food, Ministry of Health & Medical Services The burden of food borne diseases in the Pacific showed that unsafe food has caused many acute and chronic diseases, with more than 200 diseases spread through food. In Fiji 14 cases and 2 hospital admissions of food borne diseases were reported in 2018. Some key aspects proposed for the discussion include enabling policy and regulatory standards to protect consumers, upgrading and accreditation of current laboratories for testing foods for monitoring and compliance purposes, creating more awareness and collaboration on enforcement to relevant stakeholders, multi-sector collaboration to enable more participation for wet markets to farmers markets, more awareness and understanding of evidence-based approach for food safety, empower consumer voices and innovations in the food safety system. Food safety challenges include limited resources, limited knowledge and understanding with decision and policy makers on Food Safety, multi-sectoral strategy on ensuring food safety. قراءة القليل