Австралия, Китай, Фиджи, Индонезия, Кирибати, Малайзия, Новая Зеландия Transforming Kiribati Food System in the Atoll Setting Main findings The main findings of the National Dialogue are listed below with their concise details: (1) Nutrition and Diet: The high cases of NCDs and mortality rate of children under 5 are the major national concerns and was agreed that the Ministry of Health is not the only Ministry to deal with issues related to poor nutrition, NCDs, and premature deaths of children under 5 years. This is the shared role of all key actors in the Food System - all Ministries are therefore encouraged to be more proactive in factoring Nutrition in their their programmes and Ministerial Plans. Changing the mindset of the p... Подробнееeople is the major challenge especially in changing the eating habit and diet of the people - requiring all actors to come up with a way forward to change this in their respective programmes. It was also agreed in the National Dialogue that Nutrition is well factored and included in the school curriculum for the Primary school level through to senior level. Teaching healthy foods to the young children as source of good health and productive life is lacking and this needs to be strengthened immediately. Internalizing the value of eating health green and blue foods amongst the young is the key for healthy future of the country. Also the Dialogue saw the Church as the one closest to the people. It can move its communities and people so more consultations with the church-based groups is seen urgent so church leaders can also include healthy food values in their church and social teachings and programmes - and to move their members into healthy activities and taking healthy foods. Fisheries and Farming activities in the outer islands need to be adequately supported by Government. The provision of farming materials, equipment or tools, fishing gear and capacity building need to be more regular and more proactive, the access to freight levy assistance need to be reviewed so more green and blue produce be covered and more farmers and fishermen can easily access the fund. Also the transport of produce from outer islands need to be synchronized where possible so both the farmers and fishermen can be adequately served rather than each having their own transport arrangements. Other online marketing strategies need to be quickly developed so produce or fish delivery can be done online. Also the food import needs to be properly managed and controlled with incentives given to local producers to trade off those imported foods. In this way the imports will be regularly reviewed and reduced as local production increases. For fisheries, more capacity building is needed in the area of cooking edible varieties of seaweed so abundant in Kiribati, value adding of fish products including transshipped fish in order to reduce the high imports of canned fish. Food processing of pandanus and other vegetables like breadfruits need to be pursued immediately. More support needs to be stepped up towards coconut virgin oil and toddy sugar productions, egg, chicken and piggery operations. (2) On the Nature and Resilience Tracks, the National Dialogue also agreed to employ new climate smart farming technologies with the active leadership of the Agriculture and the technical and financial support of the Global Green Growth Institute and with the active involvement of NGOs. The harsh atoll conditions of the islands in Kiribati - compounded with the impacts of climate change would benefit much from this climate smart techniques after a number of successful trials. This technique therefore need to be quickly disseminated to the farmers and also to be trialed to mangrove planting in coastal eroded areas. To be included in the capacity building is the making of compost so home organic waste can be meaningfully utilized to clean home areas and to grow more healthy foods. The training on preparation of foods from traditional food crops needs to be advocated and included in the school curriculum as well. (3) To strengthen the livelihood of the people of Kiribati; all players of the abovementioned activities need to work closely than ever. Скрыть Направления деятельности: 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 Ключевые слова: Data & Evidence, Environment and Climate, Finance, Governance, Human rights, Innovation, Policy, Trade-offs, Women & Youth Empowerment
Австралия, Китай, Фиджи, Индонезия, Кирибати, Малайзия, Новая Зеландия Transforming Kiribati Food System in the Atoll Setting Major focus Kiribati saw it best and cost effective to pair up the 4 Action Tracks: Nutrition and Diet, Nature and Resilience, while letting the Livelihood Track stand alone on its own. The 5 key actors (Agriculture, Fisheries, Nutrition, Commerce, and National Disaster Office) also named here as a Technical Group saw the linkages and some overlaps between the 2 pairs and so they agreed to focus on them. It was also perceived that the standalone Track - Livelihood - would serve as the optimum goal if all gaps in the paired Action Tracks are identified and practically solved. The Technical Group therefore ... Подробнееdivided itself into 3 major working groups of Action Tracks - Nutrition and Diet (Agriculture, Nutrition, Commerce and Fisheries), Nature and Resilience (Environment, National Disaster, and Agriculture), and Livelihood (Agriculture, Fisheries, Nutrition, Environment, and Commerce). These 3 working groups put together their resources - information and data in order to present the current situation in each Action Track and at the same time to see the issues and challenges faced and then to recommend best ways forward that would be compatible with other pathways from other 2 groups. The ultimate focus therefore is to enable all actors in the Food System to recognize themselves and to see the value of their roles. At the same time, the focus is to unite these actors and direct them to pathways that would transform the Food System - pathways that would meet the ambitious UNSDG Targets and pathways that would foster the health of the I-Kiribati person and enrich his/her livelihood in his/her fragile atoll setting. Скрыть Направления деятельности: 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 Ключевые слова: Data & Evidence, Environment and Climate, Finance, Governance, Human rights, Innovation, Policy, Trade-offs, Women & Youth Empowerment
Мозамбик Contributing to the consolidation of food systems’ value chains Area of divergence Environmental sustainability has been identified as the major divergence point. In one hand, increased production and productivity is required to develop the domestic industry, in the other hand an increased use of agrochemicals is damaging to the environment. To overcome that, it is important that research is taken to access the levels to which the damages created by the use of agrochemicals are not more costly than the benefits returned from that increased use of agrochemicals. Taxes from agrochemicals could also be used to interventions aiming at rebuilding ecosystems. Направления деятельности: 3, 4, 5 Ключевые слова: Environment and Climate, Governance, Human rights, Innovation, Policy, Women & Youth Empowerment
Мозамбик Contributing to the consolidation of food systems’ value chains Discussion topic outcome The main problems identified are:. • Low levels of production and productivity; • Limited processing capacity for primary and by-products, which does not allow for the capture of additional value and complementarity of production systems. For example, in the livestock sector, the sale of live animals and dependence on imports of meat and, above all, meat products (eg milk, yogurt, cheese and others) has been common; • Excessive production costs due to dependence on input imports. In certain sectors, such as the fish farming sector, the dependence on feed has been exclusively on imports a... Подробнееnd with high costs for producers; The main solutions proposed to improve the value chains of food systems are related to: • Greater promotion of the use of improved inputs and mechanization; • Promotion of processing with a focus on the family and commercial scale; • Establishing legislative incentives and financing for local production of inputs (eg fish feed) and at lower prices compared to current import prices (CIF); • Specific lines of financing, with subsidized rates for agriculture, livestock and fishing; Скрыть Направления деятельности: 1, 3, 4 Ключевые слова: Data & Evidence, Finance, Governance, Policy, Trade-offs, Women & Youth Empowerment
Мозамбик Contributing to the consolidation of food systems’ value chains Discussion topic outcome The main problems identified are summarized below. • Excessive production costs due to dependence on input imports. In certain sectors, such as the fish farming sector, the dependence on feed has been exclusively on imports and with high costs for producers; • Lack of sufficient support infrastructure, often limited to very small areas compared to the potential (such as the case of infrastructure for irrigation); The main solutions proposed to improve the value chains of food systems are related to: • Promotion of processing with a focus on the family and commercial scale; • Establishi... Подробнееng legislative incentives and financing for local production of inputs (eg fish feed) and at lower prices compared to current import prices (CIF); • Specific lines of financing, with subsidized rates for agriculture, livestock and fishing; • Expansion of support infrastructure coverage and improvements/rehabilitation of existing ones (for example, irrigation channels, access roads, among others); Скрыть Направления деятельности: 1, 3, 4, 5 Ключевые слова: Data & Evidence, Environment and Climate, Finance, Governance, Innovation, Policy, Trade-offs, Women & Youth Empowerment
Мозамбик Contributing to the consolidation of food systems’ value chains Discussion topic outcome The main problems identified are summarized below. • Low levels of production and productivity; • Limited processing capacity for primary and by-products, which does not allow for the capture of additional value and complementarity of production systems. For example, in the livestock sector, the sale of live animals and dependence on imports of meat and, above all, meat products (eg milk, yogurt, cheese and others) has been common; • Lack of sufficient support infrastructure, often limited to very small areas compared to the potential (such as the case of infrastructure for irrigation); ... Подробнее• Weak commercial link between sellers (producers) and buyers, which often results in weak bargaining power on the part of producers; The main solutions proposed to improve the value chains of food systems are related to: • Greater promotion of the use of improved inputs and mechanization; • Promotion of processing with a focus on the family and commercial scale; • Establishing legislative incentives and financing for local production of inputs (eg fish feed) and at lower prices compared to current import prices (CIF); • Expansion of support infrastructure coverage and improvements/rehabilitation of existing ones (for example, irrigation channels, access roads, among others); • Promotion of fairs in the local market with the purpose of massifying the connection between sellers and buyers, especially wholesalers. Скрыть Направления деятельности: 1, 3, 4 Ключевые слова: Data & Evidence, Environment and Climate, Governance, Innovation, Policy, Trade-offs, Women & Youth Empowerment
Мозамбик Contributing to the consolidation of food systems’ value chains Main findings Low production levels and processing have been identified as the main struggling points in food systems’ value chains. Some of the major root causes pointed out include the excessive production costs, a lack of sufficient supporting infrastructures and poor linkage between sellers and buyers. For example, in terms of production costs, it has been identified the very high costs associated with feed for fish in aquaculture systems. The feed is supplied exclusively from imports, due to its unavailability in the domestic market. Support infrastructures such as for irrigation are also limited to ... Подробнееvery small areas comparatively to the existing irrigation potential. Processing is also an important issue that limits the capitalization of value-addition as well as complementarity from the production systems. For instance, most of the livestock kept are sold as live animals while the animal derivative products (e.g., milk, yogurt, cheese and others) are mainly imported. The major solutions proposed to improve food systems’ value chains are related to the: 1. Provision of incentives for locally produced inputs (e.g., fish feed) and at a lower price compared to the current import CIF prices; 2. Promotion of processing focusing on both an artisanal and industrial scales; 3. Expansion of support infrastructures coverage and improvements/rehabilitation for the existing ones (e.g., irrigation channels, access roads, and others); 4. Specific financing schemes, with bonified tax rates, for agriculture, livestock and fisheries; 5. Promotion of local market fairs linking sellers and buyers, mainly wholesalers. Скрыть Направления деятельности: 1, 3, 4 Ключевые слова: Data & Evidence, Environment and Climate, Finance, Innovation, Trade-offs, Women & Youth Empowerment
Мозамбик Contributing to the consolidation of food systems’ value chains Major focus This Dialogue was held on June 15 in the city of Xai-xai, Gaza province, focusing on action tracks 3 and 4 (boosting positive production for nature and promoting equitable livelihoods), the session had as its theme “Contributing to the consolidation of food systems value chains” . Направления деятельности: 3, 4 Ключевые слова: Data & Evidence, Human rights, Innovation, Trade-offs, Women & Youth Empowerment
Независимый Диалог Transforming our food and land use systems – global trends and Australia’s opportunity Местоположение: Австралия Area of divergence - Consumers play a powerful role in farmers’ choices, and the pressure on farmers to produce sustainable products is increasingly difficult. In our Dialogue, divergence emerged around consumer willingness to pay, with the view that consumers are demanding ever-lower prices (for instance, in the 1960s, expenditure on food was 16% of income, now down to 6%) contrasted with the view that consumers are increasingly concerned with product provenance, and prepared to pay a premium for quality, sustainable and locally produced food. In the Australian context, this also relates to a particular cultu... Подробнееral value around supporting local farmers. Further, participants noted similarities around this topic in the New Zealand context, where some farmers are resisting the consequences of government climate policy on the cost of production (acknowledging that Australia and New Zealand have some of the lowest levels of agricultural subsidies), and in the European context, where there is a challenge to square the demand for ever-cheaper food with a demand for a sustainable agriculture sector. - Divergence emerged around the role of regulation, with discussion around the fact that resistance to over-regulation is not limited to large scale farming enterprises, but exists in small-to-medium businesses as well. Divergent views around the appropriate level of regulation, access to natural resources and instruments for supporting and enabling positive change were discussed, and supported by participant commentary including the fact that farmers often feel dictated to and misunderstood in regulatory discussions, versus the view that self-regulation has not been effective in shifting behaviour. - The role of climate change policy and how it translates to sustainable food and agriculture policies, including impacts on farming businesses, provoked divergent views with participants commenting that farmers are rarely seen as part of the solution, and views that most policy treats farmers as unaware of broader environmental issues and/or opposed to supporting solutions. - The role of financial markets and government subsidies sparked debate, including how to approach these instruments in combination and at what scale, for example, combining private natural capital markets with ecosystem service subsidies, at a state-level prior to a federal approach, and at different paces for large scale enterprises versus small-to-medium farm businesses. - The debate on chemical use versus regenerative practices was raised in the Dialogue, with diverse views around the ongoing role of chemicals (e.g. to support minimum or no-tillage) as well as the application of suitable regenerative practices at large scales, including increasing soil carbon, maintaining ground cover and restoring biodiversity. This highlighted a theme of divergence around the role of various solutions (both on-ground practices and regulatory and policy responses) to achieve sustainable food and land use systems. - The issue of ‘just transitions’ was raised, given the complexity of farming systems, with panellists and participants acknowledging the diversity of challenges faced by sub-sectors (e.g. horticulture vs. livestock). There was discussion on the need to develop ‘basic principles’ to ensure a just transition, with farmers and representative bodies closely involved in decision-making, as well as the need for ‘skin in the game’ to build alignment and support where increased regulation is required. Скрыть Направления деятельности: 1, 2, 3, 4 Ключевые слова: Environment and Climate, Finance, Governance, Policy, Trade-offs
Независимый Диалог Transforming our food and land use systems – global trends and Australia’s opportunity Местоположение: Австралия Discussion topic outcome The need for farmers to have a voice at the policy table, particularly in fine-tuning the decisions and actions taken within sustainable pathways, and ensuring farmers are supported to produce sustainable products, through consumer demand, and through public and private institutional initiatives, as well as supported in the implementation of policies. Направления деятельности: 2, 3, 4 Ключевые слова: Environment and Climate, Governance, Policy
Независимый Диалог Transforming our food and land use systems – global trends and Australia’s opportunity Местоположение: Австралия Discussion topic outcome Climate volatility and high on-farm costs mean Australian farmers need to have either high levels of equity or off-farm income in order to survive, or to support their transition to more sustainable practices. This need for diversification and financial backing should be supported by both the public and private sectors. For instance, natural capital is becoming a highly valuable and sought-after asset class in its own right, and new opportunities for farmers to create revenue streams through both nature protection and restoration is critical in supporting a future sustainable system. Направления деятельности: 3, 4 Ключевые слова: Environment and Climate, Finance, Policy
Независимый Диалог Transforming our food and land use systems – global trends and Australia’s opportunity Местоположение: Австралия Discussion topic outcome The need for the public and private sectors, including financial institutions, to support diversification of farm businesses and to enable new revenue streams, including via natural capital valuation, in order to support both financial and environmental sustainability and to recognise the positive role of farmers in the solutions to climate change. Направления деятельности: 2, 3 Ключевые слова: Environment and Climate, Finance, Policy
Независимый Диалог Transforming our food and land use systems – global trends and Australia’s opportunity Местоположение: Австралия Discussion topic outcome The need for new knowledge and understanding as critical enabler of change: beyond identifying the problems and challenges, we need both sophisticated research and analysis to understand future scenarios and pathways (such as the Land Use Futures program LUTO modelling, part of the global FABLE initiative), as well as frameworks for the measurement and valuation of natural capital, including via the Taskforce for Nature Related Financial Disclosures. Направления деятельности: 2, 3 Ключевые слова: Data & Evidence, Environment and Climate, Finance, Policy
Независимый Диалог Transforming our food and land use systems – global trends and Australia’s opportunity Местоположение: Австралия Discussion topic outcome The need for coordinated action across stakeholders and at different scales to achieve multiple goals, and to realise win-win-win scenarios, where outcomes across climate and emissions reduction are achieved alongside nature and broader environmental goals, as well as supporting regional livelihoods and healthy diets. Направления деятельности: 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 Ключевые слова: Environment and Climate, Governance, Policy
Независимый Диалог Transforming our food and land use systems – global trends and Australia’s opportunity Местоположение: Австралия Discussion topic outcome The need for a global nature-positive target by 2030: although there is no silver-bullet, the climate movement’s playbook is being applied to nature-related challenges, including calls for a global COP, and standardised and rigorous investment frameworks. Направления деятельности: 3 Ключевые слова: Environment and Climate
Независимый Диалог Transforming our food and land use systems – global trends and Australia’s opportunity Местоположение: Австралия Main findings - Australia faces unique challenges and opportunities in supporting food systems transformation, given our export-oriented agricultural industry (70% by value of product), our highly-variable climate and geography (the most arid continent, and vulnerable to climate impacts) and our agricultural industry profile, with nearly 50% of Australia’s land mass managed by farmers, encompassing 85,000 farm businesses supporting 250,000 jobs. - We heard in a message from Paul Polman, co-chair of the Food and Land Use Coalition, that what happens in Australia matters to the world: as an agriculture powe... Подробнееrhouse, we must address our emissions profile as well as harnessing our farmers’ pioneering approaches to more sustainable agricultural practices. - To raise ambition and accelerate positive trends towards a sustainable food and land use future, a combination of coordinated public policy, market solutions, strong institutions and measurement and valuation of nature is needed. - The food and land use system offers a critical opportunity to achieve multiple goals, or potential for a win-win-win scenario: alongside climate and emissions reduction outcomes, nature-based solutions offer the ability to achieve broader environmental goals (including healthy soils, sustainable water use, protection and restoration of biodiversity) as well as supporting regional livelihoods and healthy diets. - Increased international scrutiny of ‘clean and green’ credentials in commodity markets must be a priority focus for Australia, alongside the financial sector’s moves to increasingly assess nature-related risks as well as climate-related risks. - Climate volatility and high on-farm costs mean Australian farmers need to have either high levels of equity or off-farm income in order to survive, or to support their transition to more sustainable practices. This need for diversification and financial backing should be supported by both the public and private sectors. For instance, natural capital is becoming a highly valuable and sought-after asset class in its own right, and new opportunities for farmers to create revenue streams through both nature protection and restoration is critical in supporting a future sustainable system. - Investment change is happening at pace and at scale, with almost daily announcements of global investors developing products and funds for natural capital investment. The focus on climate and climate risk has grown significantly in the last 12 to 18 months, and there is a rapid shift amongst leaders to focus on nature and nature-risk, meaning attention is turning to how nature is measured, valued, accounted for and disclosed. - Australia has a big opportunity to be a ‘solution provider’ in nature-based investment given our highly unique biodiversity, but we are also exposed in terms of high extinction rates. We must act urgently to enable a convergence between climate action and nature-positive contributions. - Regardless of the motivating factors for individual farmers (whether profit-driven, environmentally concerned or supporting the intergenerational nature of the industry), the end-goals are often aligned, for instance, more carbon in the soil means higher soil moisture, supporting outcomes for the climate and for productivity. - While there was broad consensus on the need to align with more sustainable land and food systems, there are divergences around how to achieve this transformation including what role markets, regulation and particular on-farm solutions should play. Скрыть Направления деятельности: 2, 3 Ключевые слова: Environment and Climate
Независимый Диалог Transforming our food and land use systems – global trends and Australia’s opportunity Местоположение: Австралия Major focus The focus of our Dialogue was the nexus between climate outcomes and sustainable food and land use system transformation, with discussion on Australia’s role in global efforts and the unique regional challenges we face. Our Dialogue focused on Action Tracks 2 and 3, convening discussion on nature-positive transitions and sustainable consumption through focusing on synergies and shared challenges from the perspectives of: - The Land Use Futures systems change program, a partnership between ClimateWorks Australia, Deakin University and the Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organi... Подробнееsation (CSIRO) and part of the global Food and Land Use Coalition (FOLU); - The work of advocacy organisations such as Farmers for Climate Action in bringing farmers’ voices to the decision-making table and discussing both the shared and divergent challenges and approaches farmers are taking; and - The role of large-scale financial investment in realising nature-positive solutions, and current trends and headwinds in financial risk and opportunities, represented by Pollination Group. Скрыть Направления деятельности: 2, 3 Ключевые слова: Environment and Climate
Независимый Диалог High-level Expert Seminar on North American Indigenous Peoples’ Food Systems, towards the 2021 UN Food Systems Summit Местоположение: Канада, Соединенные Штаты Америки Area of divergence The structure of the action tracks, language used to describe and explain "food systems" all brought up points of difference between UNFSS frameworks and Indigenous Peoples' world views, understandings, systems of knowledge and cultural relations to their food systems. While there were points of difference the technical discussions and break out sessions dialogues allowed for these questions and areas of difference to be expanded on and explored in more depth. Направления деятельности: 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 Ключевые слова: Environment and Climate, Governance, Human rights, Innovation
Независимый Диалог High-level Expert Seminar on North American Indigenous Peoples’ Food Systems, towards the 2021 UN Food Systems Summit Местоположение: Канада, Соединенные Штаты Америки Discussion topic outcome Towards the UN Food Systems Summit Martin Frick, Deputy to the Special Envoy for the 2021 UN Food Systems Summit, provided in the closing session an explanation of the real significance of the Summit beyond the event itself and he issued a strong invitation for Indigenous peoples to engage in all the processes and events. He stated that “The 2021 UN Food Systems Summit is not just a point in time, it is a year-long engagement process. We have indigenous champions and focal points, and Indigenous peoples can also organize independent dialogues to make sure their voices are heard.” Marcela V... Подробнееillarreal, Director, Partnerships & UN Collaboration, FAO reiterated in her closing remarks, “The important part is that we work together to ensure that the voices of indigenous peoples are effectively heard, which means taken into account. Not only heard, not only participation in dialogues but really taken into account in what we expect is a discussion on the future of food systems for the world.” Geoffrey Roth in reading out a draft version of the final statement stated that “As we prepare for the 2021 UN Food Systems Summit, we share our distinct perspectives, knowledge, research recommendations in relation to the action tracks and objectives of the Summit. We do so with humility and, also, with an expectation to be heard.” Скрыть Ключевые слова: Governance, Human rights, Innovation, Policy, Women & Youth Empowerment
Независимый Диалог High-level Expert Seminar on North American Indigenous Peoples’ Food Systems, towards the 2021 UN Food Systems Summit Местоположение: Канада, Соединенные Штаты Америки Discussion topic outcome Indigenizing Actions Tracks of the UN Food Systems Summit Marlene Wakefield and Ken Paul, Lead Negotiator and Research Director of Fisheries for the Wolastoqey Nation, led guests and speakers through a series of technical presentations on each of the five action tracks of the UN Food Systems Summit with an Indigenous lens towards each track. The action track segments included a speaker from the leadership of the UNFSS Action Track technical committees, an Indigenous expert on the subject, followed by an expert from the UN anchoring agency for that action track. Leadership from the Action Track... Подробнее technical committees spoke from Concern Worldwide, EAT Forum, World Wildlife Fund International, and CARE USA. Indigenous experts from McGill University, University of Hawai’i Mānoa, Mi’kmaq Fisheries, the Intertribal Agriculture Council and the Nunavut Tunngavik Inc. presented their expertise and perspectives on one of each of the five action tracks. UN agency experts from FAO, the World Health Organization, the UN Convention to Combat Desertification and the World Food Programme, spoke to the action track their agency is anchoring. The five UNFSS action tracks with Indigenous lens included: 1. Ensuring access to safe and nutritious food for all: Traditional Economies of Indigenous Peoples – The Interrelated Dimensions of Healthy Food. Participants 2. Shifting to sustainable consumption patterns: Indigenous Management of Resources to Sustain Indigenous Food Security. 3. Boosting nature-positive production at scale: Sacred Relationship to Environment and the Critical Role of Lands, Territories, and Resources of Indigenous Peoples. 4. Advancing equitable livelihoods: Recognition of Indigenous Human Rights to Maintain Equitable and Culturally Relevant Food Systems. 5. Building resilience to vulnerabilities, shocks and stresses: Empowerment of Indigenous Peoples, Nations, and Communities to Ensure Adaptation and Resilience. The highly informative technical presentations generated an abundance of content and questions to delve deeper into during the five breakout groups facilitated by members of the Seminar’s Indigenous technical committee. Professor Airini, Dean, Faculty of Education and Social Work, Thompson Rivers University, BC, and Brian Keane, Board Chair, Land is Life, opened the afternoon session by explaining the process and importance of the break-out groups. They then received extensive feedback and inputs shared by facilitators, notetakers, and participants in the subsequent plenary discussion. Скрыть Направления деятельности: 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 Ключевые слова: Data & Evidence, Environment and Climate, Finance, Governance, Human rights, Innovation, Policy, Trade-offs, Women & Youth Empowerment
