Независимый Диалог
Местоположение:
Бразилия
Main findings
The Dialogue finds that: a) territorial respect, protection and sovereignty are paramount. The arguably unprecedented scale and pace of attack on food producing communities, whose food sovereignty has been undermined, compromised and in many cases ended, demands immediate action across our networks, in dialogue with international organisations, including FAO (see outcome 1). Participants vocalised the loss, and painful consequences of a 74% increase in deforestation in indigenous territories in the last year; and the 1,576 land-related conflicts, violent threats and assassinations in 2020, the
... Подробнее highest number recorded since 1985, 25% higher than 2019 and 57.6% in 2018 (CPT 2020) . b)the presence of internationally renown companies and financial institutions in the land grabs, and encroachment from speculation and agroindustry (see outcome 4), highlights the disingenuous character of attempts to tie agrifood, community-based systems to commodified trades. Mato Grosso state, Brazil's 'granary' exemplifies this, with 76% of all agricultural devoted to commodities for export, rising to 98% in some fertile regions such as Basin of Rio Juruena (leaving just 2% of available land to food production). c)ecologically-sensitive, food sovereignty can not be separated from territorial and human rights. These rights, many encompassed in the SDGs for 2030, are being systematically contravened. In Brazil, the instrumentalisation of the Rural land Registraton (CAR), and the use of third companies by transnational speculators is providing a veneer of legality for land that has been illegally appropriated for cattle and soy production. The Dialogue finds that State, and Federal laws are routinely broken in the appropriation of public lands and community territories, and international conventions, such as ILO Convention 169 contravened for large scale industrial advance. d)there is an urgent need for a reconstruction of public policies (see outcome 2) for traditional and familial agriculture. We note: (i) the extinction of the Agrarian Development Ministry (with budget of R$30 billion); (ii) the hollowing out of the Food Acquisition Program-PAA (recognised for good practice by FAO in 2014) that fell from R$586 million for 115,489 food suppliers in 2012 to just R$41 million for 5,585 suppliers of food in only half as many municipalities; (iii) that Legal guidelines (Law 11.326/2006) for the National Policy on Family Agriculture insist that beneficiaries are the following peoples i) forest ii) aquaculturists; iii) extractivist; iv) fishing (artisanal); v) indigenous peoples; vi) remnant communities of rural quilombos and other traditional peoples and communities. (The last two groups of beneficiaries were included in Law No. 12,512 of 2011). e) the above changes are linked to Brazil's return to the global hunger map, with a drastic fall of food security from 77% of the population in 2014 to only 44% in 2020, with 55.2% experiencing food insecurity; and 9% living with hunger. The Dialogue makes the important distinction between food sovereignty and access to food, as the focus is on strengthening food producing systems that guarantee conditions for in situ production; but also making safe food available to rural and urban populations. f) transforming agrifood systems involves the strengthening of counter-hegemonic networks, organising local arrangements to support and promote food production that maintains families, young and old in distinct territories; and links this safe, health food production to rural and urban communities currently facing hunger. Food producing territories are being invaded; where they are not, most are now encircled by agribusiness and commodity plantations, with grave implications for access, contamination and compromised food production. g) quality of life, of food and food systems matter: Brazil remains within the top 3 consumers of agrotoxins in the world, a hazard that we argue is under analysed by FAO to date. Stakeholders draw attention to to the detriment to health, to watercourses, air, food, vegetables from the intensive and extensive use of these chemicals that compromise local efforts of chemical free production. In Mato Gross, there were four deaths from 2007 to 2016. Of the 141 municipalities in Mato Grosso, 83 reported occupational poisoning by agricultural pesticides. The stakeholders urge a considered response from FAO in dialogue with this event. It is recognised that FAO cannot alone resolve the structural impediments to a transformed food system that protects human rights and biodiverse ecosystems. It can, however, help to name the key systemic problems. These are unveiled here by many stakeholders who are symbolically and physically marginalised from decision making, yet whose humid, biodiverse territories, forests and soils are so central to profit seeking by agribusiness. This contradiction is, we argue, untenable: the reproduction and deepening of the consequent injustice leads to charges of genocide and ecoside from various stakeholders. The violence we find is not an abstraction but a daily occurrence. Communities who historically, and more recently, have occupied land in order to live peacefully and productively, ought to be able to do so, free of harassment, eviction and period flights of refuge. The Dialogue finds that defence of their rights and territories, in which roots for healthy and sustainable food systems exist, can lead to reconstructed agrifood systems that promise a socially and ecologically committed future. Скрыть
Направления деятельности: 3, 4
Ключевые слова: Data & Evidence, Environment and Climate, Finance, Governance, Human rights, Innovation, Policy, Women & Youth Empowerment